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Transformer-based models have emerged as one of the most widely used architectures for natural language processing, natural language generation, and image generation. The size of the state-of-the-art models has increased steadily reaching…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-01-15 Rya Sanovar , Srikant Bharadwaj , Renee St. Amant , Victor Rühle , Saravan Rajmohan

Transformers and large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized machine learning, with attention mechanisms at the core of their success. As the landscape of attention variants expands, so too do the challenges of optimizing their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Feiyang Chen , Yu Cheng , Lei Wang , Yuqing Xia , Ziming Miao , Lingxiao Ma , Fan Yang , Jilong Xue , Zhi Yang , Mao Yang , Haibo Chen

Transformer has achieved great success in NLP. However, the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism in Transformer makes it inefficient in handling long sequences. Many existing works explore to accelerate Transformers by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-03 Chuhan Wu , Fangzhao Wu , Tao Qi , Binxing Jiao , Daxin Jiang , Yongfeng Huang , Xing Xie

Large language model (LLM) inference has been a prevalent demand in daily life and industries. The large tensor sizes and computing complexities in LLMs have brought challenges to memory, computing, and databus. This paper proposes a…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-09-19 Yimin Wang , Yue Jiet Chong , Xuanyao Fong

With widespread adoption of electronic health records, there is an increased emphasis for predictive models that can effectively deal with clinical time-series data. Powered by Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) architectures with Long…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-07-17 Huan Song , Deepta Rajan , Jayaraman J. Thiagarajan , Andreas Spanias

The quadratic complexity of standard attention mechanisms poses a significant scalability bottleneck for large language models (LLMs) in long-context scenarios. While hybrid attention strategies that combine sparse and full attention within…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Zecheng Tang , Quantong Qiu , Yi Yang , Zhiyi Hong , Haiya Xiang , Kebin Liu , Qingqing Dang , Juntao Li , Min Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) possess remarkable generalization capabilities but struggle with multi-task adaptation, particularly in balancing knowledge retention with task-specific specialization. Conventional fine-tuning methods suffer…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Dayan Pan , Zhaoyang Fu , Jingyuan Wang , Xiao Han , Yue Zhu , Xiangyu Zhao

Answering multi-hop reasoning questions requires retrieving and synthesizing information from diverse sources. Language models (LMs) struggle to perform such reasoning consistently. We propose an approach to pinpoint and rectify multi-hop…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Mansi Sakarvadia

LLMs encounter significant challenges in resource consumption nowadays, especially with long contexts. Despite extensive efforts dedicate to enhancing inference efficiency, these methods primarily exploit internal sparsity within the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-17 Yi Zhao , Zuchao Li , Hai Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are pivotal in advancing natural language processing but often struggle with complex reasoning tasks due to inefficient attention distributions. In this paper, we explore the effect of increased computed tokens…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Bingli Liao , Danilo Vasconcellos Vargas

Large Language Models (LLMs), built on Transformer architectures, exhibit remarkable generalization across a wide range of tasks. However, fine-tuning these models for specific tasks remains resource-intensive due to their extensive…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Xinhao Yao , Hongjin Qian , Xiaolin Hu , Gengze Xu , Wei Liu , Jian Luan , Bin Wang , Yong Liu

FlashAttention series has been widely applied in the inference of large language models (LLMs). However, FlashAttention series only supports the high-level GPU architectures, e.g., Ampere and Hopper. At present, FlashAttention series is not…

While diffusion language models (DLMs) offer a promising alternative to autoregressive models (ARs), existing open-source DLMs suffer from high inference latency. This bottleneck is mainly due to the attention's quadratic complexity with…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Zeqing Wang , Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Xingyi Yang , Xinchao Wang

The quadratic cost of attention limits the scalability of long-context LLMs, especially under limited hardware memory budgets. While attention is often sparse, existing static sparse methods cannot adapt to task- or input-dependent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Siheng Xiong , Joe Zou , Faramarz Fekri , Yae Jee Cho

The recent surge of large language models (LLMs) highlights their ability to perform in-context learning, i.e., "learning" to perform a task from a few demonstrations in the context without any parameter updates. However, their capabilities…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-07-07 Tianle Cai , Kaixuan Huang , Jason D. Lee , Mengdi Wang

Compute-in-memory (CIM) techniques are widely employed in energy-efficient artificial intelligent (AI) processors. They alleviate power and latency bottlenecks caused by extensive data movements between compute and storage units. To extend…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-12-15 Jianyi Yu , Tengxiao Wang , Yuxuan Wang , Xiang Fu , Fei Qiao , Ying Wang , Rui Yuan , Liyuan Liu , Cong Shi

Understanding the decision-making processes of large language models (LLMs) is essential for their trustworthy development and deployment. However, current interpretability methods often face challenges such as low resolution and high…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Tian Lan , Jinyuan Xu , Xue He , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Lei Li

Large Language Model (LLM) inference requires substantial computational resources, yet CPU-based inference remains essential for democratizing AI due to the widespread availability of CPUs compared to specialized accelerators. However,…

硬件体系结构 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Jingyao Zhang , Jaewoo Park , Jongeun Lee , Elaheh Sadredini

Neural Processes (NPs) are popular meta-learning methods for efficiently modelling predictive uncertainty. Recent state-of-the-art methods, however, leverage expensive attention mechanisms, limiting their applications, particularly in…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Leo Feng , Frederick Tung , Hossein Hajimirsadeghi , Yoshua Bengio , Mohamed Osama Ahmed

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a wide range of natural language processing tasks. These capabilities stem primarily from the self-attention mechanism, which enables modeling of long-range…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-05 Zeng You , Yaofo Chen , Shuhai Zhang , Zhijie Qiu , Tingyu Wu , Yingjian Li , Yaowei Wang , Mingkui Tan