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The shortage of clinical workforce presents significant challenges in mental healthcare, limiting access to formal diagnostics and services. We aim to tackle this shortage by integrating a customized large language model (LLM) into the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-02 Sichang Tu , Abigail Powers , Natalie Merrill , Negar Fani , Sierra Carter , Stephen Doogan , Jinho D. Choi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in disease diagnosis. However, their effectiveness in identifying rarer diseases, which are inherently more challenging to diagnose, remains an open question. Rare…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Elliot Schumacher , Dhruv Naik , Anitha Kannan

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced medical question-answering by leveraging extensive clinical data and medical literature. However, the rapid evolution of medical knowledge and the labor-intensive process of manually…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Mohammad Reza Rezaei , Reza Saadati Fard , Jayson L. Parker , Rahul G. Krishnan , Milad Lankarany

Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping modern healthcare by advancing disease diagnosis, treatment decision-making, and biomedical research. Among AI technologies, large language models (LLMs) have become especially impactful, enabling…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Zhengda Wang , Daqian Shi , Jingyi Zhao , Xiaolei Diao , Xiongfeng Tang , Yanguo Qin

Harnessing the robust capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) for narrative generation, logical reasoning, and common-sense knowledge integration, this study delves into utilizing LLMs to enhance automated radiology report generation…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Yingshu Li , Zhanyu Wang , Yunyi Liu , Lei Wang , Lingqiao Liu , Luping Zhou

Rare diseases affect over 300 million people worldwide and are characterized by complex care pathways, limited clinical expertise, and substantial unmet communication needs throughout the long patient journey. Recent advances in large…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Zaifu Zhan , Yu Hou , Kai Yu , Min Zeng , Anita Burgun , Xiaoyi Chen , Rui Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated notable potential in medical applications, yet they face substantial challenges in handling complex real-world clinical diagnoses using conventional prompting methods. Current prompt…

Large Language Models (LLMs) can be fine-tuned on domain-specific data to enhance their performance in specialized fields. However, such data often contains numerous low-quality samples, necessitating effective data processing (DP). In…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Wei Huang , Anda Cheng , Yinggui Wang , Lei Wang , Tao Wei

Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), especially large language models (LLMs), have significantly advanced healthcare applications and demonstrated potentials in intelligent medical treatment. However, there are conspicuous…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Qinkai Yu , Mingyu Jin , Dong Shu , Chong Zhang , Lizhou Fan , Wenyue Hua , Suiyuan Zhu , Yanda Meng , Zhenting Wang , Mengnan Du , Yongfeng Zhang

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) shows promising potential for autonomous driving decision-making. However, DRL demands extensive computational resources to achieve a qualified policy in complex driving scenarios due to its low learning…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2024-12-25 Hao Pang , Zhenpo Wang , Guoqiang Li

Tabular data is often hidden in text, particularly in medical diagnostic reports. Traditional machine learning (ML) models designed to work with tabular data, cannot effectively process information in such form. On the other hand, large…

The advancement of artificial intelligence algorithms has expanded their application to several fields such as the biomedical domain. Artificial intelligence systems, including Large Language Models (LLMs), can be particularly advantageous…

Objective: The majority of detailed patient information in real-world data (RWD) is only consistently available in free-text clinical documents. Manual curation is expensive and time-consuming. Developing natural language processing (NLP)…

Radiology report generation represents a significant application within medical AI, and has achieved impressive results. Concurrently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various domains. However,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Haifeng Zhao , Yufei Zhang , Leilei Ma , Shuo Xu , Dengdi Sun

The unstructured nature of clinical notes within electronic health records often conceals vital patient-related information, making it challenging to access or interpret. To uncover this hidden information, specialized Natural Language…

High-quality scientific extreme summary (TLDR) facilitates effective science communication. How do large language models (LLMs) perform in generating them? How are LLM-generated summaries different from those written by human experts?…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Zhuoqi Lyu , Qing Ke

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly transforming various domains, including biomedicine and healthcare, and demonstrate remarkable potential from scientific research to new drug discovery. Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2025-11-14 Guofeng Meng , Li Shen , Qiuyan Zhong , Wei Wang , Haizhou Zhang , Xiaozhen Wang

Congenital heart disease (CHD) presents complex, lifelong challenges often underrepresented in traditional clinical metrics. While unstructured narratives offer rich insights into patient and caregiver experiences, manual thematic analysis…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Seungjun Yi , Joakim Nguyen , Huimin Xu , Terence Lim , Andrew Well , Mia Markey , Ying Ding

The intricate relationship between genetic variation and human diseases has been a focal point of medical research, evidenced by the identification of risk genes regarding specific diseases. The advent of advanced genome sequencing…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2024-01-19 Jiayu Chang , Shiyu Wang , Chen Ling , Zhaohui Qin , Liang Zhao

Purpose: To develop and evaluate an automated system for extracting structured clinical information from unstructured radiology and pathology reports using open-weights large language models (LMs) and retrieval augmented generation (RAG),…