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This paper surveys research works in the quickly advancing field of instruction tuning (IT), which can also be referred to as supervised fine-tuning (SFT)\footnote{In this paper, unless specified otherwise, supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Shengyu Zhang , Linfeng Dong , Xiaoya Li , Sen Zhang , Xiaofei Sun , Shuhe Wang , Jiwei Li , Runyi Hu , Tianwei Zhang , Fei Wu , Guoyin Wang

Standard training pipelines for large language models (LLMs) are typically unidirectional, progressing from pre-training to post-training. However, the potential for a bidirectional process--where insights from post-training retroactively…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Junjie Huang , Jiarui Qin , Di Yin , Weiwen Liu , Yong Yu , Xing Sun , Weinan Zhang

Prompting Large Language Models (LLMs), or providing context on the expected model of operation, is an effective way to steer the outputs of such models to satisfy human desiderata after they have been trained. But in rapidly evolving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Younwoo Choi , Muhammad Adil Asif , Ziwen Han , John Willes , Rahul G. Krishnan

Instruction finetuning is a popular paradigm to align large language models (LLM) with human intent. Despite its popularity, this idea is less explored in improving LLMs to align existing foundation models with scientific disciplines,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Sameera Horawalavithana , Sai Munikoti , Ian Stewart , Henry Kvinge , Karl Pazdernik

The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) and multimodal learning has transformed digital content creation and manipulation. Traditional visual editing tools require significant expertise, limiting accessibility. Recent strides…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-22 Thanh Tam Nguyen , Zhao Ren , Trinh Pham , Thanh Trung Huynh , Phi Le Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen

Recent research has explored methods for updating and modifying factual knowledge in large language models, often focusing on specific multi-layer perceptron blocks. This study expands on this work by examining the effectiveness of existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-05 Daniel Tamayo , Aitor Gonzalez-Agirre , Javier Hernando , Marta Villegas

Open-sourced large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable efficacy in various tasks with instruction tuning. However, these models can sometimes struggle with tasks that require more specialized knowledge such as translation.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-23 Jiali Zeng , Fandong Meng , Yongjing Yin , Jie Zhou

Instruction tuning has emerged as the key in aligning large language models (LLMs) with specific task instructions, thereby mitigating the discrepancy between the next-token prediction objective and users' actual goals. To reduce the labor…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Zifeng Wang , Chun-Liang Li , Vincent Perot , Long T. Le , Jin Miao , Zizhao Zhang , Chen-Yu Lee , Tomas Pfister

Recent large-scale text-guided diffusion models provide powerful image-generation capabilities. Currently, a significant effort is given to enable the modification of these images using text only as means to offer intuitive and versatile…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-04 Linoy Tsaban , Apolinário Passos

Large language models (LLMs) that are tuned with instructions have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various tasks and languages. However, their ability to generalize to underrepresented languages is limited due to the scarcity of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-25 Samuel Cahyawijaya , Holy Lovenia , Tiezheng Yu , Willy Chung , Pascale Fung

Instruction tuning enhances the instruction following ability of large language models by finetuning with supervised instruction data. Previous work proposes in-context instruction tuning (ICIT) where specific positive or negative examples…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-05 Tianci Xue , Ziqi Wang , Yixia Li , Yun Chen , Guanhua Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs), primarily trained on text-based datasets, exhibit exceptional proficiencies in understanding and executing complex linguistic instructions via text outputs. However, they falter when requests to generate…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-09-15 Xinyu Wang , Bohan Zhuang , Qi Wu

Recent state-of-the-art language models utilize a two-phase training procedure comprised of (i) unsupervised pre-training on unlabeled text, and (ii) fine-tuning for a specific supervised task. More recently, many studies have been focused…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-11-15 Itzik Malkiel , Lior Wolf

We present a vision and language model named MultiModal-GPT to conduct multi-round dialogue with humans. MultiModal-GPT can follow various instructions from humans, such as generating a detailed caption, counting the number of interested…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-14 Tao Gong , Chengqi Lyu , Shilong Zhang , Yudong Wang , Miao Zheng , Qian Zhao , Kuikun Liu , Wenwei Zhang , Ping Luo , Kai Chen

Instructed code editing, where LLMs directly modify a developer's existing code based on a user instruction, is becoming a widely used interaction mode in AI coding assistants. However, few benchmarks directly evaluate this capability and…

The recent advancement of large language models (LLMs) has been achieved through a combo of instruction tuning and human alignment. However, building manually crafted instruction datasets and performing human alignment become the bottleneck…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-05 Tao Feng , Zifeng Wang , Jimeng Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in creative tasks such as storytelling and E-mail generation. However, as LLMs are primarily trained on final text results rather than intermediate revisions, it might…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-21 Lei Shu , Liangchen Luo , Jayakumar Hoskere , Yun Zhu , Yinxiao Liu , Simon Tong , Jindong Chen , Lei Meng

Multilingual proficiency presents a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs). English-centric models are usually suboptimal in other languages, particularly those that are linguistically distant from English. This performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-07 Geyu Lin , Bin Wang , Zhengyuan Liu , Nancy F. Chen

Instruction tuning is a pivotal technique for aligning large language models (LLMs) with human intentions, safety constraints, and domain-specific requirements. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the full pipeline,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Xudong Han , Junjie Yang , Tianyang Wang , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Junfeng Hao , Junhao Song