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Language models (LMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in NLP, yet adapting them efficiently and robustly to specific tasks remains challenging. As their scale and complexity grow, fine-tuning LMs on labelled data often…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-27 Zhengyan Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the unique capability to understand and generate human-like text from input queries. When fine-tuned, these models show enhanced performance on domain-specific queries. OpenAI highlights the process of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Scott Barnett , Zac Brannelly , Stefanus Kurniawan , Sheng Wong

Although recent advances in scaling large language models (LLMs) have resulted in improvements on many NLP tasks, it remains unclear whether these models trained primarily with general web text are the right tool in highly specialized,…

The progress in natural language processing (NLP) using large language models (LLMs) has greatly improved patient information extraction from clinical narratives. However, most methods based on the fine-tuning strategy have limited transfer…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-20 Cheng Peng , Zehao Yu , Kaleb E Smith , Wei-Hsuan Lo-Ciganic , Jiang Bian , Yonghui Wu

This paper explores an intriguing observation: fine-tuning a large language model (LLM) with responses generated by a LLM often yields better results than using responses generated by humans, particularly in reasoning tasks. We conduct an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Xuan Ren , Biao Wu , Lingqiao Liu

The success of pretrained language models (PLMs) across a spate of use-cases has led to significant investment from the NLP community towards building domain-specific foundational models. On the other hand, in mission critical settings such…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-18 Aman Sinha , Timothee Mickus , Marianne Clausel , Mathieu Constant , Xavier Coubez

Despite their strong linguistic capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) are computationally demanding and require substantial resources for fine-tuning, which is unadapted to privacy and budget constraints of many healthcare settings. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-30 Pierre Epron , Adrien Coulet , Mehwish Alam

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT are fine-tuned on large and diverse instruction-following corpora, and can generalize to new tasks. However, those instruction-tuned LLMs often perform poorly in specialized medical natural…

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) with limited data poses a practical challenge in low-resource languages, specialized domains, and constrained deployment settings. While pre-trained LLMs provide strong foundations, effective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Marton Szep , Daniel Rueckert , Rüdiger von Eisenhart-Rothe , Florian Hinterwimmer

In the face of rapidly expanding online medical literature, automated systems for aggregating and summarizing information are becoming increasingly crucial for healthcare professionals and patients. Large Language Models (LLMs), with their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-07 Niraj Yagnik , Jay Jhaveri , Vivek Sharma , Gabriel Pila

Working within specific NLP subdomains presents significant challenges, primarily due to a persistent deficit of data. Stringent privacy concerns and limited data accessibility often drive this shortage. Additionally, the medical domain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Priyanka Singh , Vladislav D. Mosin , Ivan P. Yamshchikov

The overwhelming amount of biomedical scientific texts calls for the development of effective language models able to tackle a wide range of biomedical natural language processing (NLP) tasks. The most recent dominant approaches are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-21 Giacomo Miolo , Giulio Mantoan , Carlotta Orsenigo

Prompt-based fine-tuning for pre-trained models has proven effective for many natural language processing tasks under few-shot settings in general domain. However, tuning with prompt in biomedical domain has not been investigated…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-04-17 Haochun Wang , Chi Liu , Nuwa Xi , Sendong Zhao , Meizhi Ju , Shiwei Zhang , Ziheng Zhang , Yefeng Zheng , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

Many applications today use large language models for code generation; however, production systems have strict latency requirements that can be difficult to meet with large models. Small language models with a few billion parameters are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-14 Renjini R. Nair , Damian K. Kowalczyk , Marco Gaudesi , Chhaya Methani

Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized Natural Language Processing (NLP) by minimizing the need for complex feature engineering. However, the application of LLMs in specialized domains like biopharmaceuticals and chemistry remains…

Recently, Language Models (LMs) instruction-tuned on multiple tasks, also known as multitask-prompted fine-tuning (MT), have shown the capability to generalize to unseen tasks. Previous work has shown that scaling the number of training…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-02-10 Joel Jang , Seungone Kim , Seonghyeon Ye , Doyoung Kim , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Moontae Lee , Kyungjae Lee , Minjoon Seo

Generative large language models (LLMs) are a promising alternative to pre-trained language models for entity matching due to their high zero-shot performance and ability to generalize to unseen entities. Existing research on using LLMs for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Aaron Steiner , Ralph Peeters , Christian Bizer

Large language models have exhibited exceptional performance on various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, leveraging techniques such as the pre-training, and instruction fine-tuning. Despite these advances, their effectiveness in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-19 Guangyu Wang , Guoxing Yang , Zongxin Du , Longjun Fan , Xiaohu Li

Relation extraction is a core problem for natural language processing in the biomedical domain. Recent research on relation extraction showed that prompt-based learning improves the performance on both fine-tuning on full training set and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-04-25 Hui-Syuan Yeh , Thomas Lavergne , Pierre Zweigenbaum

Large language models exhibit promising general capabilities but often lack specialized knowledge for domain-specific tasks. Developing domain experts from a base model enables a range of applications without prohibitive training costs.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Zhen Guo , Yining Hua