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Evaluating progress in large language models (LLMs) is often constrained by the challenge of verifying responses, limiting assessments to tasks like mathematics, programming, and short-form question-answering. However, many real-world…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Zhilin Wang , Jaehun Jung , Ximing Lu , Shizhe Diao , Ellie Evans , Jiaqi Zeng , Pavlo Molchanov , Yejin Choi , Jan Kautz , Yi Dong

Human feedback is increasingly used to steer the behaviours of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, it is unclear how to collect and incorporate feedback in a way that is efficient, effective and unbiased, especially for highly subjective…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Hannah Rose Kirk , Andrew M. Bean , Bertie Vidgen , Paul Röttger , Scott A. Hale

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various tasks but often fail to handle queries that exceed their knowledge and capabilities, leading to incorrect or fabricated responses. This paper addresses the need for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-27 Wenbo Zhang , Zihang Xu , Hengrui Cai

The effective assessment of the instruction-following ability of large language models (LLMs) is of paramount importance. A model that cannot adhere to human instructions might be not able to provide reliable and helpful responses. In…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-17 Yimin Jing , Renren Jin , Jiahao Hu , Huishi Qiu , Xiaohua Wang , Peng Wang , Deyi Xiong

The importance of managing feedback practices in higher education has been widely recognised, as they play a crucial role in enhancing teaching, learning, and assessment processes. In today's educational landscape, feedback practices are…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-02-04 Daniele Agostini , Federica Picasso

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized various applications by generating outputs based on given prompts. However, achieving the desired output requires iterative prompt refinement. This paper presents a novel approach that draws…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-22 Rupesh Raj Karn

The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, has raised concerns about their potential impact on academic integrity, prompting the need for LLM-resistant exam designs. This article investigates the performance of LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-04-25 Simon kaare Larsen

Large language models (LLMs) provide detailed and impressive responses to queries in English. However, are they really consistent at responding to the same query in other languages? The popular way of evaluating for multilingual performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Ashim Gupta , Maitrey Mehta , Zhichao Xu , Vivek Srikumar

As humans, we consistently interact with our peers and receive feedback in the form of natural language. This language feedback allows us to maintain appropriate behavior, and rectify potential errors. The question arises naturally: can we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Weiwen Xu , Deng Cai , Zhisong Zhang , Wai Lam , Shuming Shi

Educational interventions are effective tools for enhancing student learning. While Large Language Models (LLMs) allow for generating adaptive feedback at scale, current studies lack clear methodologies for providing Just-in-Time (JiT)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-27 Younghun Lee , Amir Bralin , Nobel Sanjay Rebello , Dan Goldwasser

This study reveals a previously unexplored vulnerability in the safety alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing aligned LLMs predominantly respond to unsafe queries with refusals, which often begin with a fixed set of prefixes…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Yangyang Guo , Ziwei Xu , Si Liu , Zhiming Zheng , Mohan Kankanhalli

Large Language Models are typically trained with next-turn rewards, limiting their ability to optimize for long-term interaction. As a result, they often respond passively to ambiguous or open-ended user requests, failing to help users…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-07-31 Shirley Wu , Michel Galley , Baolin Peng , Hao Cheng , Gavin Li , Yao Dou , Weixin Cai , James Zou , Jure Leskovec , Jianfeng Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have been shown to perform well in answering questions and in producing long-form texts, both in few-shot closed-book settings. While the former can be validated using well-known evaluation metrics, the latter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-11-01 Reinald Kim Amplayo , Kellie Webster , Michael Collins , Dipanjan Das , Shashi Narayan

Large language models (LLMs) have been increasingly used to interact with external environments (e.g., games, compilers, APIs) as goal-driven agents. However, it remains challenging for these language agents to quickly and efficiently learn…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-10-11 Noah Shinn , Federico Cassano , Edward Berman , Ashwin Gopinath , Karthik Narasimhan , Shunyu Yao

Despite impressive advances in large language models (LLMs), existing benchmarks often focus on single-turn or single-step tasks, failing to capture the kind of iterative reasoning required in real-world settings. To address this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-26 Yiran Zhang , Mo Wang , Xiaoyang Li , Kaixuan Ren , Chencheng Zhu , Usman Naseem

Humans are accustomed to reading and writing in a forward manner, and this natural bias extends to text understanding in auto-regressive large language models (LLMs). This paper investigates whether LLMs, like humans, struggle with reverse…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Sicheng Yu , Yuanchen Xu , Cunxiao Du , Yanying Zhou , Minghui Qiu , Qianru Sun , Hao Zhang , Jiawei Wu

Recent progress in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has significantly enhanced the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), empowering them to tackle increasingly complex tasks through reflection capabilities, such as making…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-26 Jianghao Chen , Zhenlin Wei , Zhenjiang Ren , Ziyong Li , Jiajun Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support scientific work, but it is unclear whether they uphold responsible conduct of research (RCR) norms or help undermine them. We introduce SciIntBench, an adversarial benchmark of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Almene De Meran Meguimtsop , Maria Leonor Pacheco , Daniel E. Acuna

Multi-turn interactions between large language models (LLMs) and users naturally include implicit feedback signals. If an LLM responds in an unexpected way to an instruction, the user is likely to signal it by rephrasing the request,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-22 Zizhao Chen , Mustafa Omer Gul , Yiwei Chen , Gloria Geng , Anne Wu , Yoav Artzi

Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on safety alignment to obey safe requests while refusing harmful ones. However, traditional refusal mechanisms often lead to "rigid rejection," where a general template (e.g., "I cannot fulfill this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Ying Zhang , Congyu Qiao , Xin Geng , Ning Xu