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The advent of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized the field of natural language processing, yet they might be attacked to produce harmful content. Despite efforts to ethically align LLMs, these are often fragile and can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-11 Zichuan Liu , Zefan Wang , Linjie Xu , Jinyu Wang , Lei Song , Tianchun Wang , Chunlin Chen , Wei Cheng , Jiang Bian

Adversarial misuse, particularly through `jailbreaking' that circumvents a model's safety and ethical protocols, poses a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs). This paper delves into the mechanisms behind such successful…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-27 Huijie Lv , Xiao Wang , Yuansen Zhang , Caishuang Huang , Shihan Dou , Junjie Ye , Tao Gui , Qi Zhang , Xuanjing Huang

Defense in large language models (LLMs) is crucial to counter the numerous attackers exploiting these systems to generate harmful content through manipulated prompts, known as jailbreak attacks. Although many defense strategies have been…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-11 Bocheng Chen , Hanqing Guo , Qiben Yan

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities across diverse applications. However, concerns regarding their security, particularly the vulnerability to jailbreak attacks, persist. Drawing inspiration from adversarial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-25 Yujun Zhou , Yufei Han , Haomin Zhuang , Kehan Guo , Zhenwen Liang , Hongyan Bao , Xiangliang Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly popular, powering a wide range of applications. Their widespread use has sparked concerns, especially through jailbreak attacks that bypass safety measures to produce harmful content. In this…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Zhengchun Shang , Wenlan Wei , Weiheng Bai

Despite extensive safety measures, LLMs are vulnerable to adversarial inputs, or jailbreaks, which can elicit unsafe behaviors. In this work, we introduce bijection learning, a powerful attack algorithm which automatically fuzzes LLMs for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Brian R. Y. Huang , Maximilian Li , Leonard Tang

Recent advancements in Large Language Model (LLM) safety have primarily focused on mitigating attacks crafted in natural language or common ciphers (e.g. Base64), which are likely integrated into newer models' safety training. However, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-15 Divij Handa , Zehua Zhang , Amir Saeidi , Shrinidhi Kumbhar , Md Nayem Uddin , Aswin RRV , Chitta Baral

As large language models (LLMs) become more integral to society and technology, ensuring their safety becomes essential. Jailbreak attacks exploit vulnerabilities to bypass safety guardrails, posing a significant threat. However, the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Xiaomeng Hu , Pin-Yu Chen , Tsung-Yi Ho

Jailbreak attacks in large language models (LLMs) entail inducing the models to generate content that breaches ethical and legal norm through the use of malicious prompts, posing a substantial threat to LLM security. Current strategies for…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Lin Lu , Hai Yan , Zenghui Yuan , Jiawen Shi , Wenqi Wei , Pin-Yu Chen , Pan Zhou

Large language model (LLM) safety is a critical issue, with numerous studies employing red team testing to enhance model security. Among these, jailbreak methods explore potential vulnerabilities by crafting malicious prompts that induce…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Honglin Mu , Han He , Yuxin Zhou , Yunlong Feng , Yang Xu , Libo Qin , Xiaoming Shi , Zeming Liu , Xudong Han , Qi Shi , Qingfu Zhu , Wanxiang Che

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated increasing power, they have also given rise to a wide range of harmful behaviors. As representatives, jailbreak attacks can provoke harmful or unethical responses from LLMs, even after…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Nan Xu , Fei Wang , Ben Zhou , Bang Zheng Li , Chaowei Xiao , Muhao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

Despite extensive safety alignment efforts, large language models (LLMs) remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks that elicit harmful behavior. While existing studies predominantly focus on attack methods that require technical expertise, two…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Yik Siu Chan , Narutatsu Ri , Yuxin Xiao , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Defending large language models (LLMs) against jailbreak attacks is essential for their safe and reliable deployment. Existing defenses often rely on shallow pattern matching, which struggles to generalize to novel and unseen attack…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Rui Pu , Chaozhuo Li , Rui Ha , Litian Zhang , Lirong Qiu , Xi Zhang

The vulnerability of Vision Large Language Models (VLLMs) to jailbreak attacks appears as no surprise. However, recent defense mechanisms against these attacks have reached near-saturation performance on benchmark evaluations, often with…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Yangyang Guo , Fangkai Jiao , Liqiang Nie , Mohan Kankanhalli

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought impressive advancements across various tasks. However, despite these achievements, LLMs still pose inherent safety risks, especially in the context of jailbreak attacks. Most…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Shi Lin , Hongming Yang , Rongchang Li , Xun Wang , Changting Lin , Wenpeng Xing , Meng Han

Jailbreak attacks, which aim to cause LLMs to perform unrestricted behaviors, have become a critical and challenging direction in AI safety. Despite achieving the promising attack success rate using dictionary-based evaluation, existing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-04-14 Tianyi Wu , Zhiwei Xue , Yue Liu , Jiaheng Zhang , Bryan Hooi , See-Kiong Ng

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) have raised significant safety concerns, particularly regarding "jailbreak" attacks that exploit adversarial prompts to bypass safety alignment mechanisms. Existing defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Haibo Tong , Dongcheng Zhao , Guobin Shen , Xiang He , Dachuan Lin , Feifei Zhao , Yi Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite advanced general capabilities, still suffer from numerous safety risks, especially jailbreak attacks that bypass safety protocols. Understanding these vulnerabilities through black-box jailbreak…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-29 Yao Huang , Yitong Sun , Shouwei Ruan , Yichi Zhang , Yinpeng Dong , Xingxing Wei

Defending aligned Large Language Models (LLMs) against jailbreaking attacks is a challenging problem, with existing approaches requiring multiple requests or even queries to auxiliary LLMs, making them computationally heavy. Instead, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Leyla Naz Candogan , Yongtao Wu , Elias Abad Rocamora , Grigorios G. Chrysos , Volkan Cevher