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Parameter-efficient continual learning has emerged as a promising approach for large language models (LLMs) to mitigate catastrophic forgetting while enabling adaptation to new tasks. Current Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) continual learning…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Fuli Qiao , Mehrdad Mahdavi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are versatile, yet they often falter in tasks requiring deep and reliable reasoning due to issues like hallucinations, limiting their applicability in critical scenarios. This paper introduces a rigorously…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-21 Saizhuo Wang , Zhihan Liu , Zhaoran Wang , Jian Guo

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) is intended to improve their reasoning capabilities, yet we uncover a counterintuitive effect: models often forget how to solve problems they previously answered correctly during training. We term…

VLMs trained on web-scale data retain sensitive and copyrighted visual concepts that deployment may require removing. Training-based unlearning methods share a structural flaw: fine-tuning on a narrow forget set degrades general…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Zhangyun Tan , Zeliang Zhang , Susan Liang , Yolo Yunlong Tang , Lisha Chen , Chenliang Xu

Large pre-trained language models have demonstrated their proficiency in storing factual knowledge within their parameters and achieving remarkable results when fine-tuned for downstream natural language processing tasks. Nonetheless, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Konstantinos Andriopoulos , Johan Pouwelse

There is vivid research on adapting Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform a variety of tasks in high-stakes domains such as healthcare. Despite their popularity, there is a lack of understanding of the extent and contributing factors that…

Large-scale Transformer language models (LMs) trained solely on next-token prediction with web-scale data can solve a wide range of tasks after seeing just a few examples. The mechanism behind this capability, known as in-context learning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-08 Jingcheng Niu , Subhabrata Dutta , Ahmed Elshabrawy , Harish Tayyar Madabushi , Iryna Gurevych

Logs play a critical role in providing essential information for system monitoring and troubleshooting. Recently, with the success of pre-trained language models (PLMs) and large language models (LLMs) in natural language processing (NLP),…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Lipeng Ma , Weidong Yang , Sihang Jiang , Ben Fei , Mingjie Zhou , Shuhao Li , Mingyu Zhao , Bo Xu , Yanghua Xiao

Catastrophic forgetting remains a fundamental challenge in continual learning, in which models often forget previous knowledge when fine-tuned on a new task. This issue is especially pronounced in class incremental learning (CIL), which is…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-17 Amirhosein Javadi , Tuomas Oikarinen , Tara Javidi , Tsui-Wei Weng

In-context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for performing natural language tasks with Large Language Models (LLM) without updating the models' parameters, in contrast to the traditional gradient-based finetuning. The…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Georgios Chochlakis , Alexandros Potamianos , Kristina Lerman , Shrikanth Narayanan

Despite the fact that large language models (LLMs) show exceptional skill in instruction following tasks, this strength can turn into a vulnerability when the models are required to disregard certain instructions. Instruction-following…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Yerin Hwang , Yongil Kim , Jahyun Koo , Taegwan Kang , Hyunkyung Bae , Kyomin Jung

Large language models (LLMs) have transformed AI research thanks to their powerful internal capabilities and knowledge. However, existing LLMs still fail to effectively incorporate the massive external knowledge when interacting with the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-15 Tao Feng , Pengrui Han , Guanyu Lin , Ge Liu , Jiaxuan You

Previous works show the great potential of pre-trained language models (PLMs) for storing a large amount of factual knowledge. However, to figure out whether PLMs can be reliable knowledge sources and used as alternative knowledge bases…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-03-01 Daniel Gao , Yantao Jia , Lei Li , Chengzhen Fu , Zhicheng Dou , Hao Jiang , Xinyu Zhang , Lei Chen , Zhao Cao

Continual Learning (CL) on time series data represents a promising but under-studied avenue for real-world applications. We propose two new CL benchmarks for Human State Monitoring. We carefully designed the benchmarks to mirror real-world…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-12 Federico Matteoni , Andrea Cossu , Claudio Gallicchio , Vincenzo Lomonaco , Davide Bacciu

Benefiting from massive corpora and advanced hardware, large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, their performance degrades in scenarios where multiple tasks are…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Xiao Wang , Tianze Chen , Qiming Ge , Han Xia , Rong Bao , Rui Zheng , Qi Zhang , Tao Gui , Xuanjing Huang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performances across a wide range of tasks. However, the mechanisms by which these models encode tasks of varying complexities remain poorly understood. In this paper, we explore the…

With approximately 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, current large language models (LLMs) support only a small subset. Prior research indicates LLMs can learn new languages for certain tasks without supervised data. We extend this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Zhaolin Li , Jan Niehues

Large language models (LLMs) recently exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities on solving math problems. To further improve their reasoning capabilities, this work explores whether LLMs can LEarn from MistAkes (LEMA), akin to the human…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-01 Shengnan An , Zexiong Ma , Zeqi Lin , Nanning Zheng , Jian-Guang Lou , Weizhu Chen

This paper investigates the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) using 50 newly constructed high-school-level word problems. Unlike prior studies that focus solely on answer correctness, we rigorously analyze…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Johan Boye , Birger Moell

This paper explores the system 1 thinking capability of Large Reasoning Models (LRMs), the intuitive ability to respond efficiently with minimal token usage. While existing LRMs rely on long-chain reasoning and excel at complex tasks, their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-04 Wenyuan Zhang , Shuaiyi Nie , Xinghua Zhang , Zefeng Zhang , Tingwen Liu