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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an emerging approach in natural language processing that combines large language models (LLMs) with external document retrieval to produce more accurate and grounded responses. While RAG has shown…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Atousa Arzanipour , Rouzbeh Behnia , Reza Ebrahimi , Kaushik Dutta

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in diverse real-world settings, yet remain vulnerable to jailbreaking, where prompt-based attacks bypass safety filters. We present THREAT (Targeted Harmful generation via Reframing and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Shahnewaz Karim Sakib , Swati Kar , Anindya Bijoy Das

The open-endedness of large language models (LLMs) combined with their impressive capabilities may lead to new safety issues when being exploited for malicious use. While recent studies primarily focus on probing toxic outputs that can be…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-30 Jiaxin Wen , Pei Ke , Hao Sun , Zhexin Zhang , Chengfei Li , Jinfeng Bai , Minlie Huang

The growing ubiquity of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems in several real-world services triggers severe concerns about their security. A RAG system improves the generative capabilities of a Large Language Models (LLM) by a…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-31 Christian Di Maio , Cristian Cosci , Marco Maggini , Valentina Poggioni , Stefano Melacci

The adoption of large language models (LLMs) in many applications, from customer service chat bots and software development assistants to more capable agentic systems necessitates research into how to secure these systems. Attacks like…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-12-03 Erick Galinkin , Martin Sablotny

Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, encounter `jailbreak' challenges, wherein safeguards are circumvented to generate ethically harmful prompts. This study introduces a straightforward black-box method for efficiently crafting…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-25 Kazuhiro Takemoto

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems can effectively mitigate the hallucination problem of large language models (LLMs),but they also possess inherent vulnerabilities. Identifying these weaknesses before the large-scale real-world…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-05-23 Hongru Song , Yu-an Liu , Ruqing Zhang , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a powerful technique to facilitate language model with proprietary and private data, where data privacy is a pivotal concern. Whereas extensive research has demonstrated the privacy risks of large…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-03-03 Shenglai Zeng , Jiankun Zhang , Pengfei He , Yue Xing , Yiding Liu , Han Xu , Jie Ren , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Yi Chang , Jiliang Tang

The rapid progress in open-source large language models (LLMs) is significantly advancing AI development. Extensive efforts have been made before model release to align their behavior with human values, with the primary goal of ensuring…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-12 Yangsibo Huang , Samyak Gupta , Mengzhou Xia , Kai Li , Danqi Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly attracting attention in various applications. Nonetheless, there is a growing concern as some users attempt to exploit these models for malicious purposes, including the synthesis of controlled…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Chongwen Zhao , Zhihao Dou , Kaizhu Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) enhanced with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) have shown improved performance in generating accurate responses. However, the dependence on external knowledge bases introduces potential security…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Zhiyuan Chang , Mingyang Li , Xiaojun Jia , Junjie Wang , Yuekai Huang , Ziyou Jiang , Yang Liu , Qing Wang

Growing applications of large language models (LLMs) trained by a third party raise serious concerns on the security vulnerability of LLMs.It has been demonstrated that malicious actors can covertly exploit these vulnerabilities in LLMs…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-11 Shuli Jiang , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Yi Zhou , Ling Cai , Nathalie Baracaldo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across various natural language processing tasks. Due to their training on internet-sourced datasets, LLMs can sometimes generate objectionable content, necessitating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-15 Leyang Hu , Boran Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) significantly enhances Large Language Models (LLMs), but simultaneously exposes a critical vulnerability to knowledge poisoning attacks. Existing attack methods like PoisonedRAG remain detectable due to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Ziye Wang , Guanyu Wang , Kailong Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed human-machine interaction since ChatGPT's 2022 debut, with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) emerging as a key framework that enhances LLM outputs by integrating external knowledge. However,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Alberto Castagnaro , Umberto Salviati , Mauro Conti , Luca Pajola , Simeone Pizzi

Large language models (LLMs) are reshaping numerous facets of our daily lives, leading widespread adoption as web-based services. Despite their versatility, LLMs face notable challenges, such as generating hallucinated content and lacking…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Minseok Kim , Hankook Lee , Hyungjoon Koo

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge sources, enabling more accurate and contextually relevant responses tailored to user queries. These systems, however, remain…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Huichi Zhou , Kin-Hei Lee , Zhonghao Zhan , Yue Chen , Zhenhao Li , Zhaoyang Wang , Hamed Haddadi , Emine Yilmaz

Deep Research (DR) agents built on Large Language Models (LLMs) can perform complex, multi-step research by decomposing tasks, retrieving online information, and synthesizing detailed reports. However, the misuse of LLMs with such powerful…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Shuo Chen , Zonggen Li , Zhen Han , Bailan He , Tong Liu , Haokun Chen , Georg Groh , Philip Torr , Volker Tresp , Jindong Gu

This paper focuses on jailbreaking attacks against large language models (LLMs), eliciting them to generate objectionable content in response to harmful user queries. Unlike previous LLM-jailbreak methods that directly orient to LLMs, our…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-02 Haoxuan Ji , Zheng Lin , Zhenxing Niu , Xinbo Gao , Gang Hua

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) has brought impressive advancements across various tasks. However, despite these achievements, LLMs still pose inherent safety risks, especially in the context of jailbreak attacks. Most…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Shi Lin , Hongming Yang , Rongchang Li , Xun Wang , Changting Lin , Wenpeng Xing , Meng Han