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The growing complexity of AI systems has intensified the need for transparency through Explainable AI (XAI). Counterfactual explanations (CFs) offer actionable "what-if" scenarios on three levels: Local CFs providing instance-specific…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Oleksii Furman , Patryk Wielopolski , Łukasz Lenkiewicz , Jerzy Stefanowski , Maciej Zięba

We consider counterfactual explanations, the problem of minimally adjusting features in a source input instance so that it is classified as a target class under a given classifier. This has become a topic of recent interest as a way to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-02 Miguel Á. Carreira-Perpiñán , Suryabhan Singh Hada

Counterfactual explanations are viewed as an effective way to explain machine learning predictions. This interest is reflected by a relatively young literature with already dozens of algorithms aiming to generate such explanations. These…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-05 Raphael Mazzine , David Martens

In this paper, we consider the problem of generating a set of counterfactual explanations for a group of instances, with the one-for-many allocation rule, where one explanation is allocated to a subgroup of the instances. For the first…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-02-16 Andrea Lodi , Jasone Ramírez-Ayerbe

Counterfactual explanations provide actionable insights to achieve desired outcomes by suggesting minimal changes to input features. However, existing methods rely on fixed sets of mutable features, which makes counterfactual explanations…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Stig Hellemans , Andres Algaba , Sam Verboven , Vincent Ginis

Counterfactual explanations utilize feature perturbations to analyze the outcome of an original decision and recommend an actionable recourse. We argue that it is beneficial to provide several alternative explanations rather than a single…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-24 Natraj Raman , Daniele Magazzeni , Sameena Shah

Counterfactual explanations constitute among the most popular methods for analyzing black-box systems since they can recommend cost-efficient and actionable changes to the input of a system to obtain the desired system output. While most of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-22 André Artelt , Andreas Gregoriades

Group recommender systems help users make collective choices but often lack transparency, leaving group members uncertain about why items are suggested. Existing explanation methods focus on individuals, offering limited support for groups…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-01-27 Maria Stratigi , Nikos Bikakis , Kostas Stefanidis

Interpretable machine learning seeks to understand the reasoning process of complex black-box systems that are long notorious for lack of explainability. One flourishing approach is through counterfactual explanations, which provide…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-02 Vy Vo , Trung Le , Van Nguyen , He Zhao , Edwin Bonilla , Gholamreza Haffari , Dinh Phung

We address a practical problem ubiquitous in modern marketing campaigns, in which a central agent tries to learn a policy for allocating strategic financial incentives to customers and observes only bandit feedback. In contrast to…

机器学习 · 统计学 2019-11-12 Romain Lopez , Chenchen Li , Xiang Yan , Junwu Xiong , Michael I. Jordan , Yuan Qi , Le Song

Counterfactual explanations are one of the most popular methods to make predictions of black box machine learning models interpretable by providing explanations in the form of `what-if scenarios'. Most current approaches optimize a…

机器学习 · 统计学 2020-10-16 Susanne Dandl , Christoph Molnar , Martin Binder , Bernd Bischl

Post-hoc explanations of machine learning models are crucial for people to understand and act on algorithmic predictions. An intriguing class of explanations is through counterfactuals, hypothetical examples that show people how to obtain a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-12-09 Ramaravind Kommiya Mothilal , Amit Sharma , Chenhao Tan

Estimating an individual's counterfactual outcomes under interventions is a challenging task for traditional causal inference and supervised learning approaches when the outcome is high-dimensional (e.g. gene expressions, facial images) and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-19 Yulun Wu , Louie McConnell , Claudia Iriondo

Methods to find counterfactual explanations have predominantly focused on one step decision making processes. In this work, we initiate the development of methods to find counterfactual explanations for decision making processes in which…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-28 Stratis Tsirtsis , Abir De , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez

We provide an optimization-based framework to perform counterfactual analysis in a dynamic model with hidden states. Our framework is grounded in the ``abduction, action, and prediction'' approach to answer counterfactual queries and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Martin Haugh , Raghav Singal

Counterfactual (CF) explanations, also known as contrastive explanations and algorithmic recourses, are popular for explaining machine learning models in high-stakes domains. For a subject that receives a negative model prediction (e.g.,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-20 Yilun Zhou

This paper proposes a novel approach for constructing effective personalized policies when the observed data lacks counter-factual information, is biased and possesses many features. The approach is applicable in a wide variety of settings…

机器学习 · 统计学 2018-07-11 Onur Atan , William R. Zame , Qiaojun Feng , Mihaela van der Schaar

Machine-learning models, which are known to accurately predict patterns from large datasets, are crucial in decision making. Consequently, counterfactual explanations-methods explaining predictions by introducing input perturbations-have…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-04-23 Yuta Sumiya , Hayaru shouno

Counterfactual explanations provide ways of achieving a favorable model outcome with minimum input perturbation. However, counterfactual explanations can also be leveraged to reconstruct the model by strategically training a surrogate model…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-13 Pasan Dissanayake , Sanghamitra Dutta

The widespread deployment of machine learning systems in critical real-world decision-making applications has highlighted the urgent need for counterfactual explainability methods that operate effectively. Global counterfactual…