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Instruction tuning of open-source large language models (LLMs) like LLaMA, using direct outputs from more powerful LLMs such as Instruct-GPT and GPT-4, has proven to be a cost-effective way to align model behaviors with human preferences.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Haoran Li , Yiran Liu , Xingxing Zhang , Wei Lu , Furu Wei

Large language models (LLMs) can be improved by aligning with human preferences through fine-tuning -- the so-called reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). However, the cost of fine-tuning an LLM is prohibitive for many users.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Ahmad Rashid , Ruotian Wu , Julia Grosse , Agustinus Kristiadi , Pascal Poupart

Fine-tuning foundation models has emerged as a powerful approach for generating objects with specific desired properties. Reinforcement learning (RL) provides an effective framework for this purpose, enabling models to generate outputs that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Pouya M. Ghari , Simone Sciabola , Ye Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in creative tasks such as storytelling and E-mail generation. However, as LLMs are primarily trained on final text results rather than intermediate revisions, it might…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-21 Lei Shu , Liangchen Luo , Jayakumar Hoskere , Yun Zhu , Yinxiao Liu , Simon Tong , Jindong Chen , Lei Meng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the natural language processing landscape and brought to life diverse applications. Pretraining on vast web-scale data has laid the foundation for these models, yet the research community is now…

Recent methodologies in LLM self-training mostly rely on LLM generating responses and filtering those with correct output answers as training data. This approach often yields a low-quality fine-tuning training set (e.g., incorrect plans or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-19 Dan Zhang , Sining Zhoubian , Ziniu Hu , Yisong Yue , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

This study delves into the capabilities and limitations of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the challenging domain of conditional question-answering. Utilizing the Conditional Question Answering (CQA) dataset and focusing on generative…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-05 Syed-Amad Hussain , Parag Pravin Dakle , SaiKrishna Rallabandi , Preethi Raghavan

Current research on long-form context in Large Language Models (LLMs) primarily focuses on the understanding of long-contexts, the Open-ended Long Text Generation (Open-LTG) remains insufficiently explored. Training a long-context…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Zhihan Guo , Jiele Wu , Wenqian Cui , Yifei Zhang , Minda Hu , Yufei Wang , Irwin King

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the field of automated code generation. LLMs rely on large and diverse datasets to learn syntax, semantics, and usage patterns of programming languages. For low-resource…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Alessandro Giagnorio , Alberto Martin-Lopez , Gabriele Bavota

The alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) is critically dependent on reward models trained on costly human preference data. While recent work explores bypassing this cost with AI feedback, these methods often lack a rigorous theoretical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Yi-Chen Li , Tian Xu , Yang Yu , Xuqin Zhang , Xiong-Hui Chen , Zhongxiang Ling , Ningjing Chao , Lei Yuan , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Large language models (LLMs) enable strong text generation, and in general there is a practical tradeoff between fine-tuning and prompt engineering. We introduce Simplify-This, a comparative study evaluating both paradigms for text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Eilam Cohen , Itamar Bul , Danielle Inbar , Omri Loewenbach

Large language models (LLMs) bring unprecedented flexibility in defining and executing complex, creative natural language generation (NLG) tasks. Yet, this flexibility brings new challenges, as it introduces new degrees of freedom in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Furkan Şahinuç , Ilia Kuznetsov , Yufang Hou , Iryna Gurevych

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has shown great potential in refining robotic manipulation policies, yet its efficacy remains strongly bottlenecked by the difficulty of designing generalizable reward functions. In this paper, we propose a…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Yanru Wu , Weiduo Yuan , Ang Qi , Vitor Guizilini , Jiageng Mao , Yue Wang

While recent advances have boosted LM proficiency in linguistic benchmarks, LMs consistently struggle to reason correctly on complex tasks like mathematics. We turn to Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) as a method with which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-13 Sarah Pan , Vladislav Lialin , Sherin Muckatira , Anna Rumshisky

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly better at a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as text generation and understanding. Recently, these models have extended their capabilities to coding tasks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Nishat Raihan , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to generate feedback, yet their impact on learning remains underexplored, especially compared to existing feedback methods. This study investigates how on-demand LLM-generated explanatory…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Danielle R. Thomas , Conrad Borchers , Shambhavi Bhushan , Erin Gatz , Shivang Gupta , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Citation granularity - whether to cite individual sentences, paragraphs, or documents - is a critical design choice in attributed generation. While fine-grained citations are often preferred for precise human verification, their impact on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 Hexuan Wang , Jingyu Zhang , Benjamin Van Durme , Daniel Khashabi

Recent work has explored the capability of large language models (LLMs) to identify and correct errors in LLM-generated responses. These refinement approaches frequently evaluate what sizes of models are able to do refinement for what…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Manya Wadhwa , Xinyu Zhao , Junyi Jessy Li , Greg Durrett

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited an impressive capability to perform reasoning tasks, especially if they are encouraged to generate a sequence of intermediate steps. Reasoning performance can be improved by suitably combining…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-11 Soumyasundar Pal , Didier Chételat , Yingxue Zhang , Mark Coates

Large language models have achieved remarkable progress in text generation but still struggle with generative writing tasks. In terms of evaluation, existing benchmarks evaluate writing reward models coarsely and fail to measure performance…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Qingyu Ren , Tianjun Pan , Xingzhou Chen , Xuhong Wang