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Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized scientific research with their exceptional capabilities and transformed various fields. Among their practical applications, LLMs have been playing a crucial role in mitigating threats to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Zhenyu Lei , Yushun Dong , Weiyu Li , Rong Ding , Qi Wang , Jundong Li

Large Language Model (LLMs) such as ChatGPT that exhibit generative AI capabilities are facing accelerated adoption and innovation. The increased presence of Generative AI (GAI) inevitably raises concerns about the risks and safety…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-07-29 Jaymari Chua , Yun Li , Shiyi Yang , Chen Wang , Lina Yao

The advent of transformer-based architectures and large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the performance of natural language processing (NLP) models. Since these LLMs are trained on huge corpuses of data from the web and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-29 Arkadeep Baksi , Rahul Singh , Tarun Joshi

Foundation Models (FMs) have become the hallmark of modern AI, however, these models are trained on massive data, leading to financially expensive training. Updating FMs as new data becomes available is important, however, can lead to…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being applied in a wide array of settings, well beyond the typical language-oriented use cases. In particular, LLMs are increasingly used as a plug-and-play method for fitting data and generating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Hejia Liu , Mochen Yang , Gediminas Adomavicius

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their deployment is frequently undermined by undesirable behaviors such as generating harmful content, factual inaccuracies, and societal biases. Diagnosing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Zhe Li , Wei Zhao , Yige Li , Jun Sun

This paper investigates the challenges associated with bias, toxicity, unreliability, and lack of robustness in large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT. It emphasizes that these issues primarily stem from the quality and diversity of…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2024-10-21 Federico Torrielli

Large Language Models (LLMs) based on the pre-trained fine-tuning paradigm have become pivotal in solving natural language processing tasks, consistently achieving state-of-the-art performance. Nevertheless, the theoretical understanding of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Jing Luo , Huiyuan Wang , Weiran Huang

One of the major limitations of deep learning models is that they face catastrophic forgetting in an incremental learning scenario. There have been several approaches proposed to tackle the problem of incremental learning. Most of these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-04 Vinod K Kurmi , Badri N. Patro , Venkatesh K. Subramanian , Vinay P. Namboodiri

Large Language Models (LLMs) have reshaped our world with significant advancements in science, engineering, and society through applications ranging from scientific discoveries and medical diagnostics to Chatbots. Despite their ubiquity and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Kushal Raj Bhandari , Pin-Yu Chen , Jianxi Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit potentially harmful biases that reinforce culturally inherent stereotypes, cloud moral judgments, or amplify positive evaluations of majority groups. Previous explanations mainly attributed bias in LLMs…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-08-13 Florian Scholten , Tobias R. Rebholz , Mandy Hütter

Catastrophic forgetting remains a formidable obstacle to building an omniscient model in large language models (LLMs). Despite the pioneering research on task-level forgetting in LLM fine-tuning, there is scant focus on forgetting during…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Chonghua Liao , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Haowen Sun , Zhanhui Kang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are often evaluated against ideals of perfect Bayesian inference, yet growing evidence suggests that their in-context reasoning exhibits systematic forgetting of past information. Rather than viewing this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Alexandros Christoforos

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit cognitive biases -- systematic tendencies of irrational decision-making, similar to those seen in humans. Prior work has found that these biases vary across models and can be amplified by instruction…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-15 Itay Itzhak , Yonatan Belinkov , Gabriel Stanovsky

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) reveal a perplexing phenomenon in continual learning: despite extensive training, models experience significant performance declines, raising questions about task alignment and underlying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-24 Junhao Zheng , Xidi Cai , Shengjie Qiu , Qianli Ma

Pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across a wide range of tasks, yet exhibit substantial variability in the various layers' training quality with respect to specific downstream applications, limiting their…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Hadi Askari , Shivanshu Gupta , Fei Wang , Anshuman Chhabra , Muhao Chen

Foundation models (FMs) currently dominate news headlines. They employ advanced deep learning architectures to extract structural information autonomously from vast datasets through self-supervision. The resulting rich representations of…

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit explicit and implicit biases from their training datasets. Identifying and mitigating biases in LLMs is crucial to ensure fair outputs, as they can perpetuate harmful stereotypes and misinformation. This…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-19 Fatima Kazi , Alex Young , Yash Inani , Setareh Rafatirad

Frontier AI systems are making transformative impacts across society, but such benefits are not without costs: models trained on web-scale datasets containing personal and private data raise profound concerns about data privacy and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-07-26 Sunny Duan , Mikail Khona , Abhiram Iyer , Rylan Schaeffer , Ila R Fiete

Foundation Models (FMs) are models trained on large corpora of data that, at very large scale, can generalize to new tasks without any task-specific finetuning. As these models continue to grow in size, innovations continue to push the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-12-27 Avanika Narayan , Ines Chami , Laurel Orr , Simran Arora , Christopher Ré