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State-of-the-art Object Detection (OD) methods predominantly operate under a closed-world assumption, where test-time categories match those encountered during training. However, detecting and localizing unknown objects is crucial for…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-18 Daniel Montoya , Aymen Bouguerra , Alexandra Gomez-Villa , Fabio Arnez

Detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) instances is crucial for NLP models in practical applications. Although numerous OOD detection methods exist, most of them are empirical. Backed by theoretical analysis, this paper advocates for the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Haowei Lin , Yuntian Gu

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is an essential approach to robustifying deep learning models, enabling them to identify inputs that fall outside of their trained distribution. Existing OOD detection methods usually depend on crafted…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Yifan Wu , Xichen Ye , Songmin Dai , Dengye Pan , Xiaoqiang Li , Weizhong Zhang , Yifan Chen

Pretrained Transformers achieve remarkable performance when training and test data are from the same distribution. However, in real-world scenarios, the model often faces out-of-distribution (OOD) instances that can cause severe semantic…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-24 Wenxuan Zhou , Fangyu Liu , Muhao Chen

Since the seminal paper of Hendrycks et al. arXiv:1610.02136, Post-hoc deep Out-of-Distribution (OOD) detection has expanded rapidly. As a result, practitioners working on safety-critical applications and seeking to improve the robustness…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-07-11 Paul Novello , Yannick Prudent , Joseba Dalmau , Corentin Friedrich , Yann Pequignot

Recent advancements have explored text-to-image diffusion models for synthesizing out-of-distribution (OOD) samples, substantially enhancing the performance of OOD detection. However, existing approaches typically rely on perturbing…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Xin Gao , Jiyao Liu , Guanghao Li , Yueming Lyu , Jianxiong Gao , Weichen Yu , Ningsheng Xu , Liang Wang , Caifeng Shan , Ziwei Liu , Chenyang Si

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical to ensure the safe deployment of deep learning models in critical applications. Deep learning models can often misidentify OOD samples as in-distribution (ID) samples. This vulnerability…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Sudarshan Regmi

Out-of-Distribution (OOD) generalization has become a primary metric for evaluating image analysis systems. Since deep learning models tend to capture domain-specific context, they often develop shortcut dependencies on these non-causal…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-27 Haoran Pei , Yuguang Yang , Kexin Liu , Juan Zhang , Baochang Zhang

This paper introduces a novel method leveraging bi-encoder-based detectors along with a comprehensive study comparing different out-of-distribution (OOD) detection methods in NLP using different feature extractors. The feature extraction…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-14 Louis Owen , Biddwan Ahmed , Abhay Kumar

Machine learning algorithms typically assume that the training and test samples come from the same distributions, i.e., in-distribution. However, in open-world scenarios, streaming big data can be Out-Of-Distribution (OOD), rendering these…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-10 Anique Tahir , Lu Cheng , Ruocheng Guo , Huan Liu

During the forward pass of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), inputs gradually transformed from low-level features to high-level conceptual labels. While features at different layers could summarize the important factors of the inputs at varying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-02 Haoliang Wang , Chen Zhao , Xujiang Zhao , Feng Chen

Graph machine learning has witnessed rapid growth, driving advancements across diverse domains. However, the in-distribution assumption, where training and testing data share the same distribution, often breaks in real-world scenarios,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-13 Tingyi Cai , Yunliang Jiang , Yixin Liu , Ming Li , Changqin Huang , Shirui Pan

A recent popular approach to out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is based on a self-supervised learning technique referred to as contrastive learning. There are two main variants of contrastive learning, namely instance and class…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-08 Nawid Keshtmand , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Jonathan Lawry

Out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization deals with the prevalent learning scenario where test distribution shifts from training distribution. With rising application demands and inherent complexity, graph OOD problems call for specialized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-06 Xiner Li , Shurui Gui , Youzhi Luo , Shuiwang Ji

The mismatch between training and target data is one major challenge for current machine learning systems. When training data is collected from multiple domains and the target domains include all training domains and other new domains, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-01-22 Haotian Ye , Chuanlong Xie , Yue Liu , Zhenguo Li

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and lossless compression constitute two problems that can be solved by the training of probabilistic models on a first dataset with subsequent likelihood evaluation on a second dataset, where data…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-12-13 Mingtian Zhang , Andi Zhang , Steven McDonagh

Out-of-Distribution (OoD) detection aims to justify whether a given sample is from the training distribution of the classifier-under-protection, i.e., In-Distribution (InD), or from OoD. Diffusion Models (DMs) are recently utilized in OoD…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Kun Fang , Qinghua Tao , Zuopeng Yang , Xiaolin Huang , Jie Yang

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a crucial task for ensuring the reliability and safety of deep learning. Currently, discriminator models outperform other methods in this regard. However, the feature extraction process used by…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-06 Luping Liu , Yi Ren , Xize Cheng , Rongjie Huang , Chongxuan Li , Zhou Zhao

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is a critical task in machine learning that seeks to identify abnormal samples. Traditionally, unsupervised methods utilize a deep generative model for OOD detection. However, such approaches require a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-25 Alvin Heng , Alexandre H. Thiery , Harold Soh

Out-of-distribution (OOD) detection is critical for safety-sensitive machine learning applications and has been extensively studied, yielding a plethora of methods developed in the literature. However, most studies for OOD detection did not…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-10-13 Atsuyuki Miyai , Qing Yu , Go Irie , Kiyoharu Aizawa