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Automatic metrics are extensively used to evaluate natural language processing systems. However, there has been increasing focus on how they are used and reported by practitioners within the field. In this paper, we have conducted a survey…

Automatic machine translation metrics typically rely on human translations to determine the quality of system translations. Common wisdom in the field dictates that the human references should be of very high quality. However, there are no…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-11 Vilém Zouhar , Ondřej Bojar

Machine translation has become a critical tool in bridging linguistic gaps, especially between languages as diverse as English and Hindi. This paper comprehensively evaluates various machine translation models for translating between…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Ahan Prasannakumar Shetty

Neural Machine Translation (NMT) systems rely heavily on explicit punctuation cues to resolve semantic ambiguities in a source sentence. Inputting user-generated sentences, which are likely to contain missing or incorrect punctuation,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Kaustubh Shivshankar Shejole , Sourabh Deoghare , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

Round-trip Machine Translation (MT) is a popular choice for paraphrase generation, which leverages readily available parallel corpora for supervision. In this paper, we formalize the implicit similarity function induced by this approach,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-24 Aitor Ormazabal , Mikel Artetxe , Aitor Soroa , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre

In the present article, we identified the qualitative differences between Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) and Neural Machine Translation (NMT) outputs. We have tried to answer two important questions: 1. Does NMT perform equivalently…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-12-13 Sainik Kumar Mahata , Soumil Mandal , Dipankar Das , Sivaji Bandyopadhyay

Evaluation plays a crucial role in development of Machine translation systems. In order to judge the quality of an existing MT system i.e. if the translated output is of human translation quality or not, various automatic metrics exist. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2014-04-08 Aditi Kalyani , Hemant Kumud , Shashi Pal Singh , Ajai Kumar , Hemant Darbari

Neural text generation, including neural machine translation, image captioning, and summarization, has been quite successful recently. However, during training time, typically only one reference is considered for each example, even though…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-08-30 Renjie Zheng , Mingbo Ma , Liang Huang

As research on machine translation moves to translating text beyond the sentence level, it remains unclear how effective automatic evaluation metrics are at scoring longer translations. In this work, we first propose a method for creating…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-29 Daniel Deutsch , Juraj Juraska , Mara Finkelstein , Markus Freitag

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate text by transferring style attributes like formality resulting in formal or informal text. However, instructing LLMs to generate text that when spoken, is more intelligible in an acoustically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-08-09 Anupama Chingacham , Miaoran Zhang , Vera Demberg , Dietrich Klakow

This paper presents the system description of Machine Translation (MT) system(s) for Indic Languages Multilingual Task for the 2018 edition of the WAT Shared Task. In our experiments, we (the RGNLP team) explore both statistical and neural…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-12-04 Atul Kr. Ojha , Koel Dutta Chowdhury , Chao-Hong Liu , Karan Saxena

Recently, the automated translation of source code from one programming language to another by using automatic approaches inspired by Neural Machine Translation (NMT) methods for natural languages has come under study. However, such…

Paraphrase generation is a difficult problem. This is not only because of the limitations in text generation capabilities but also due that to the lack of a proper definition of what qualifies as a paraphrase and corresponding metrics to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-27 Omkar Patil , Rahul Singh , Tarun Joshi

Machine learning (ML) models have been applied to a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks in recent years. In addition to making accurate decisions, the necessity of understanding how models make their decisions has become…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-02 Sean Xie , Soroush Vosoughi , Saeed Hassanpour

Neural machine translation (NMT) is often criticized for failures that happen without awareness. The lack of competency awareness makes NMT untrustworthy. This is in sharp contrast to human translators who give feedback or conduct further…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-11-28 Pei Zhang , Baosong Yang , Haoran Wei , Dayiheng Liu , Kai Fan , Luo Si , Jun Xie

Many valid translations exist for a given sentence, yet machine translation (MT) is trained with a single reference translation, exacerbating data sparsity in low-resource settings. We introduce Simulated Multiple Reference Training (SMRT),…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-04-23 Huda Khayrallah , Brian Thompson , Matt Post , Philipp Koehn

We compare three approaches to statistical machine translation (pure phrase-based, factored phrase-based and neural) by performing a fine-grained manual evaluation via error annotation of the systems' outputs. The error types in our…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2018-02-13 Filip Klubička , Antonio Toral , Víctor M. Sánchez-Cartagena

Paraphrase generation is a pivotal task in natural language processing (NLP). Existing datasets in the domain lack syntactic and lexical diversity, resulting in paraphrases that closely resemble the source sentences. Moreover, these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-19 Lasal Jayawardena , Prasan Yapa

Starting from the 1950s, Machine Translation (MT) was challenged by different scientific solutions, which included rule-based methods, example-based and statistical models (SMT), to hybrid models, and very recent years the neural models…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Lifeng Han , Serge Gladkoff

Community Question-Answering (CQA) portals serve as a valuable tool for helping users within an organization. However, making them accessible to non-English-speaking users continues to be a challenge. Translating questions can broaden the…