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Speculative decoding accelerates language model inference by separating generation into fast drafting and parallel verification. Its main limitation is drafter-verifier misalignment, which limits token acceptance and reduces overall…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Frédéric Berdoz , Peer Rheinboldt , Roger Wattenhofer

Language recognition system is typically trained directly to optimize classification error on the target language labels, without using the external, or meta-information in the estimation of the model parameters. However labels are not…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-05-01 Trung Ngo Trong , Ville Hautamäki , Kristiina Jokinen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) utilizes external knowledge to augment Large Language Models' (LLMs) reliability. For flexibility, agentic RAG employs autonomous, multi-round retrieval and reasoning to resolve queries. Although recent…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-11-10 Chao Zhang , Yuhao Wang , Derong Xu , Haoxin Zhang , Yuanjie Lyu , Yuhao Chen , Shuochen Liu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yan Gao , Yao Hu , Enhong Chen

The construction of confidence intervals for the mean of a bounded random variable is a classical problem in statistics with numerous applications in machine learning and virtually all scientific fields. In particular, obtaining the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-12 Václav Voráček , Francesco Orabona

Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has attracted considerable recent attention due to its potential for scaling computational resources, reducing training time, and helping protect user privacy in machine learning. However, the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-27 Siyuan Yu , Wei Chen , H. Vincent Poor

Cross-modal steganography is committed to hiding secret information of one modality in another modality. Despite the advancement in the field of steganography by the introduction of deep learning, cross-modal steganography still remains to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-01-03 Sojeong Song , Seoyun Yang , Chang D. Yoo , Junmo Kim

Steganographic schemes dedicated to generated images modify the seed vector in the latent space to embed a message. Whereas most steganalysis methods attempt to detect the embedding in the image space, this paper proposes to perform…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-29 Etienne Levecque , Aurélien Noirault , Tomáš Pevn{ý} , Jan Butora , Patrick Bas , Rémi Cogranne

The paper presents a new steganographic method called RSTEG (Retransmission Steganography), which is intended for a broad class of protocols that utilises retransmission mechanisms. The main innovation of RSTEG is to not acknowledge a…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2009-05-14 Wojciech Mazurczyk , Milosz Smolarczyk , Krzysztof Szczypiorski

Whereas cryptography easily arouses attacks by means of encrypting a secret message into a suspicious form, steganography is advantageous for its resilience to attacks by concealing the message in an innocent-looking cover signal. Minimal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-27 Kejiang Chen , Hang Zhou , Yaofei Wang , Menghan Li , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

As large language models (LLMs) scale up, accuracy improves, but the autoregressive (AR) nature of decoding increases latency since each token requires a serial forward pass. Speculative decoding addresses this by employing a fast drafter…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-06 Guanghao Li , Zhihui Fu , Min Fang , Qibin Zhao , Ming Tang , Chun Yuan , Jun Wang

Diffusion model, as a new generative model which is very popular in image generation and audio synthesis, is rarely used in speech enhancement. In this paper, we use the diffusion model as a module for stochastic refinement. We propose…

声音 · 计算机科学 2022-11-01 Zhibin Qiu , Mengfan Fu , Yinfeng Yu , LiLi Yin , Fuchun Sun , Hao Huang

Steganography is the process of embedding secret data into another message or data, in such a way that it is not easily noticeable. With the advancement of deep learning, Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recently been utilized in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Gyojin Han , Dong-Jae Lee , Jiwan Hur , Jaehyun Choi , Junmo Kim

Speaker diarization based on bottom-up clustering of speech segments by acoustic similarity is often highly sensitive to the choice of hyperparameters, such as the initial number of clusters and feature weighting. Optimizing these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-02-22 Andreas Stolcke

In the context of distributed deep learning, the issue of stale weights or gradients could result in poor algorithmic performance. This issue is usually tackled by delay tolerant algorithms with some mild assumptions on the objective…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Haoxiang Wang , Zhanhong Jiang , Chao Liu , Soumik Sarkar , Dongxiang Jiang , Young M. Lee

Large language models are beginning to show steganographic capabilities. Such capabilities could allow misaligned models to evade oversight mechanisms. Yet principled methods to detect and quantify such behaviours are lacking. Classical…

Graph-based Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has become a widely studied approach for improving the reasoning, accuracy, and factuality of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, many existing graph-based RAG systems overlook the high…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Qiao Xiao , Hong Ting Tsang , Jiaxin Bai

Level set estimation (LSE), the problem of identifying the set of input points where a function takes value above (or below) a given threshold, is important in practical applications. When the function is expensive-to-evaluate and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2024-12-02 Yu Inatsu , Shion Takeno , Kentaro Kutsukake , Ichiro Takeuchi

Steganography is the art of hiding secret information in media such as image, audio and video. The purpose of steganography is to conceal the existence of the secret information in any given medium. This work aims at strengthening the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2012-06-13 P. Thiyagarajan , G. Aghila , V. Prasanna Venkatesan

Steganography in multimedia aims to embed secret data into an innocent looking multimedia cover object. This embedding introduces some distortion to the cover object and produces a corresponding stego object. The embedding distortion is…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2022-07-18 Hassan Y. El Arsh , Amr Abdelaziz , Ahmed Elliethy , Hussein A. Aly , T. Aaron Gulliver

The security of private communication is increasingly at risk due to widespread surveillance. Steganography, a technique for embedding secret messages within innocuous carriers, enables covert communication over monitored channels. Provably…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-02-16 Kaiyi Pang , Minhao Bai