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LLM-as-a-Judge (LaaJ) is a novel paradigm in which powerful language models are used to assess the quality, safety, or correctness of generated outputs. While this paradigm has significantly improved the scalability and efficiency of…

General-purpose Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming widely adopted by people for mental health support. Yet emerging evidence suggests there are significant risks associated with high-frequency use, particularly for individuals…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-06 May Lynn Reese , Markela Zeneli , Mindy Ng , Jacob Haimes , Andreea Damien , Elizabeth Stade

Despite the rapid advancement of LLM-based agents, the reliable evaluation of their safety and security remains a significant challenge. Existing rule-based or LLM-based evaluators often miss dangers in agents' step-by-step actions,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Hanjun Luo , Shenyu Dai , Chiming Ni , Xinfeng Li , Guibin Zhang , Kun Wang , Tongliang Liu , Hanan Salam

Large language models (LLMs) are now deployed at unprecedented scale, assisting millions of users in daily tasks. However, the risk of these models assisting unlawful activities remains underexplored. In this study, we define this high-risk…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2025-11-27 Xing Wang , Huiyuan Xie , Yiyan Wang , Chaojun Xiao , Huimin Chen , Holli Sargeant , Felix Steffek , Jie Shao , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate complex responses to threat-based manipulations, revealing both vulnerabilities and unexpected performance enhancement opportunities. This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 3,390…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-30 Atil Samancioglu

Large language models (LLMs) typically generate identical or similar responses for all users given the same prompt, posing serious safety risks in high-stakes applications where user vulnerabilities differ widely. Existing safety…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-01-14 Yuchen Wu , Edward Sun , Kaijie Zhu , Jianxun Lian , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Aylin Caliskan , Jindong Wang

With the integration of large language models (LLMs), embodied agents have strong capabilities to understand and plan complicated natural language instructions. However, a foreseeable issue is that those embodied agents can also flawlessly…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-03 Sheng Yin , Xianghe Pang , Yuanzhuo Ding , Menglan Chen , Yutong Bi , Yichen Xiong , Wenhao Huang , Zhen Xiang , Jing Shao , Siheng Chen

This study presents the LLM-Agent-Controller, a multi-agent large language model (LLM) system developed to address a wide range of problems in control engineering (Control Theory). The system integrates a central controller agent with…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Rasoul Zahedifar , Sayyed Ali Mirghasemi , Mahdieh Soleymani Baghshah , Alireza Taheri

LLMs (Large Language Models) are increasingly used in text processing pipelines to intelligently respond to a variety of inputs and generation tasks. This raises the possibility of replacing human roles that bottleneck existing information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-18 Kester Clegg , Richard Hawkins , Ibrahim Habli , Tom Lawton

Context. Risk analysis assesses potential risks in specific scenarios. Risk analysis principles are context-less; the same methodology can be applied to a risk connected to health and information technology security. Risk analysis requires…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-10 Matteo Esposito , Francesco Palagiano , Valentina Lenarduzzi , Davide Taibi

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly explored as scalable tools for mental health counseling, yet evaluating their safety remains challenging due to the interactional and context-dependent nature of clinical harm. Existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Suhyun Lee , Palakorn Achananuparp , Neemesh Yadav , Ee-Peng Lim , Yang Deng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various specialist domains and have been integrated into high-stakes areas such as medicine. However, as existing medical-related benchmarks rarely stress-test…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Lin Yang , Yuancheng Yang , Xu Wang , Changkun Liu , Haihua Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly employed as automated evaluators to assess the safety of generated content, yet their reliability in this role remains uncertain. This study evaluates a diverse set of 11 LLM judge models across…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Hongyu Chen , Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant

The rapid proliferation of LLM-based autonomous agents in real operating system environments introduces a new category of safety risk beyond content safety: behavior jailbreak, where an adversary induces an agent to execute dangerous…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Chiyu Zhang , Huiqin Yang , Bendong Jiang , Xiaolei Zhang , Yiran Zhao , Ruyi Chen , Lu Zhou , Xiaogang Xu , Jiafei Wu , Liming Fang , Zhe Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate outstanding performance in their reservoir of knowledge and understanding capabilities, but they have also been shown to be prone to illegal or unethical reactions when subjected to jailbreak…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in solving diverse tasks. However, their proficiency in iteratively optimizing complex solutions through learning from previous feedback remains insufficiently explored. To…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Xiaozhe Li , Jixuan Chen , Xinyu Fang , Shengyuan Ding , Haodong Duan , Qingwen Liu , Kai Chen

Spoken dialogues with and between voice agents are becoming increasingly common, yet assessing them for their socially harmful content such as violence, harassment, and hate remains text-centric and fails to account for audio-specific cues…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-02-05 Amir Ivry , Shinji Watanabe

Large Language Model (LLM) agents increasingly operate across domains such as robotics, virtual assistants, and web automation. However, their stochastic decision-making introduces safety risks that are difficult to anticipate during…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-30 Haoyu Wang , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jiali Wei , Jun Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited great performance in autonomously calling various tools in external environments, leading to better problem solving and task automation capabilities. However, these external tools also amplify…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-10 Hongfei Xia , Hongru Wang , Zeming Liu , Qian Yu , Yuhang Guo , Haifeng Wang

As Large Language Models are rapidly deployed across diverse applications from healthcare to financial advice, safety evaluation struggles to keep pace. Current benchmarks focus on single-turn interactions with generic policies, failing to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-28 Madhur Jindal , Hari Shrawgi , Parag Agrawal , Sandipan Dandapat