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As artificial neural networks, and specifically large language models, have improved rapidly in capabilities and quality, they have increasingly been deployed in real-world applications, from customer service to Google search, despite the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Eugenia Iofinova , Dan Alistarh

Domain-specific post-training often causes catastrophic forgetting, making foundation models lose their general reasoning ability and limiting their adaptability to dynamic real-world environments. Preserving general capabilities while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-20 Lingxiang Wang , Hainan Zhang , Zhiming Zheng

Recent work has shown exciting promise in updating large language models with new memories, so as to replace obsolete information or add specialized knowledge. However, this line of work is predominantly limited to updating single…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-03 Kevin Meng , Arnab Sen Sharma , Alex Andonian , Yonatan Belinkov , David Bau

We explore task-free continual learning (CL), in which a model is trained to avoid catastrophic forgetting in the absence of explicit task boundaries or identities. Among many efforts on task-free CL, a notable family of approaches are…

机器学习 · 统计学 2021-12-09 Xisen Jin , Arka Sadhu , Junyi Du , Xiang Ren

Model editing enables targeted updates to the knowledge of large language models (LLMs) with minimal retraining. Among existing approaches, locate-then-edit methods constitute a prominent paradigm: they first identify critical layers, then…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-21 Xiaopeng Li , Shanwen Wang , Shasha Li , Shezheng Song , Bin Ji , Jun Ma , Jie Yu

Pretrained language models (PLMs) are today the primary model for natural language processing. Despite their impressive downstream performance, it can be difficult to apply PLMs to new languages, a barrier to making their capabilities…

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities, they increasingly face demands to unlearn memorized privacy-sensitive, copyrighted, or harmful content. Existing unlearning methods primarily focus on \emph{single-shot}…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Xiaoyu Xu , Minxin Du , Kun Fang , Yaxin Xiao , Zhicong Huang , Cheng Hong , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu

Large language models (LLMs) for code are increasingly used in software development, but they remain static after pretraining while APIs and software libraries continue to evolve. Model editing offers a lightweight alternative to retraining…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-05-11 Vinaik Chhetri , Moghis Fereidouni , A. B Siddique , Umar Farooq

Enabling artificial intelligence systems, particularly large language models, to integrate new knowledge and flexibly apply it during reasoning remains a central challenge. Existing knowledge editing approaches emphasize atomic facts,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Ya Gao , Kalle Kujanpää , Pekka Marttinen , Harri Valpola , Alexander Ilin

Recently, there has been a growing interest in knowledge editing for Large Language Models (LLMs). Current approaches and evaluations merely explore the instance-level editing, while whether LLMs possess the capability to modify concepts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Xiaohan Wang , Shengyu Mao , Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Yunzhi Yao , Yue Shen , Lei Liang , Jinjie Gu , Huajun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) often require vast amounts of text to effectively acquire new knowledge. While continuing pre-training on large corpora or employing retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has proven successful, updating an LLM…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-11 Hugo Abonizio , Thales Almeida , Roberto Lotufo , Rodrigo Nogueira

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have garnered much attention for their ability to elucidate the prediction process through a humanunderstandable concept layer. However, most previous studies focused on cases where the data, including…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Lijie Hu , Chenyang Ren , Zhengyu Hu , Hongbin Lin , Cheng-Long Wang , Hui Xiong , Jingfeng Zhang , Di Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) power numerous AI applications, yet updating their knowledge remains costly. Model editing provides a lightweight alternative through targeted parameter modifications, with meta-learning-based model editing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Xiaopeng Li , Shasha Li , Xi Wang , Shezheng Song , Bin Ji , Shangwen Wang , Jun Ma , Xiaodong Liu , Mina Liu , Jie Yu

Model brittleness is a key concern when deploying deep learning models in real-world medical settings. A model that has high performance at one institution may suffer a significant decline in performance when tested at other institutions.…

Recent large language models have been trained on vast datasets, but also often on repeated data, either intentionally for the purpose of upweighting higher quality data, or unintentionally because data deduplication is not perfect and the…

We present a holistic framework for Continual Model Merging (CMM) that intervenes at three critical stages: pre-merging, during merging, and post-merging-to address two fundamental challenges in continual learning. In particular,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Hoang Phan , Sungmin Cha , Tung Lam Tran , Qi Lei

Large language model (LLM) post-training enhances latent skills, unlocks value alignment, improves performance, and enables domain adaptation. Unfortunately, post-training is known to induce forgetting, especially in the ubiquitous use-case…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Lukas Thede , Stefan Winzeck , Zeynep Akata , Jonathan Richard Schwarz

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) reveal a perplexing phenomenon in continual learning: despite extensive training, models experience significant performance declines, raising questions about task alignment and underlying…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-24 Junhao Zheng , Xidi Cai , Shengjie Qiu , Qianli Ma

Large language models (LLMs) can effectively handle outdated information through knowledge editing. However, current approaches face two key limitations: (I) Poor generalization: Most approaches rigidly inject new knowledge without ensuring…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-08 Jinhu Fu , Yan Bai , Longzhu He , Yihang Lou , Yanxiao Zhao , Li Sun , Sen Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability in different tasks and are bringing transformative changes to many domains. However, keeping the knowledge in LLMs up-to-date remains a challenge once pretraining is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Xiou Ge , Ali Mousavi , Edouard Grave , Armand Joulin , Kun Qian , Benjamin Han , Mostafa Arefiyan , Yunyao Li