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Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) is an effective test-time compute scaling (TTCS) method for improving the reasoning performance of large language models, but its highly variable execution time leads to severe long-tail latency in practice.…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-02 Hongbeen Kim , Juhyun Lee , Sanghyeon Lee , Kwanghoon Choi , Jaehyuk Huh

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful approach for data-driven decision-making and control. Compared to model-free methods, offline model-based reinforcement learning (MBRL) explicitly learns world models from a static dataset…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-01-28 Jiayu Chen , Le Xu , Wentse Chen , Jeff Schneider

To plan safely in uncertain environments, agents must balance utility with safety constraints. Safe planning problems can be modeled as a chance-constrained partially observable Markov decision process (CC-POMDP) and solutions often use…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-05-02 Robert J. Moss , Arec Jamgochian , Johannes Fischer , Anthony Corso , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

We introduce MCTS-RAG, a novel approach that enhances the reasoning capabilities of small language models on knowledge-intensive tasks by leveraging retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to provide relevant context and Monte Carlo Tree…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Yunhai Hu , Yilun Zhao , Chen Zhao , Arman Cohan

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has showcased its efficacy across a broad spectrum of decision-making problems. However, its performance often degrades under vast combinatorial action space, especially where an action is composed of multiple…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Yunhyeok Kwak , Inwoo Hwang , Dooyoung Kim , Sanghack Lee , Byoung-Tak Zhang

While many recent advances in deep reinforcement learning (RL) rely on model-free methods, model-based approaches remain an alluring prospect for their potential to exploit unsupervised data to learn environment model. In this work, we…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-06 Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Brandon Yang , Weitang Liu , Zachary C Lipton , Animashree Anandkumar

Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) has profoundly influenced reinforcement learning (RL) by integrating planning and learning in tasks requiring long-horizon reasoning, exemplified by the AlphaZero family of algorithms. Central to MCTS is the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Maximilian Weichart

Monte-Carlo Tree Search (MCTS) methods, such as Upper Confidence Bound applied to Trees (UCT), are instrumental to automated planning techniques. However, UCT can be slow to explore an optimal action when it initially appears inferior to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-04-12 Michael Painter , Mohamed Baioumy , Nick Hawes , Bruno Lacerda

Monte Carlo tree search (MCTS) is a popular choice for solving sequential anytime problems. However, it depends on a numeric feedback signal, which can be difficult to define. Real-time MCTS is a variant which may only rarely encounter…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-09-20 Tobias Joppen , Christian Wirth , Johannes Fürnkranz

We introduce a recursive AlphaZero-style Monte--Carlo tree search algorithm, "RMCTS". The advantage of RMCTS over AlphaZero's MCTS-UCB is speed. In RMCTS, the search tree is explored in a breadth-first manner, so that network inferences…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-01-12 Keith Frankston , Benjamin Howard

In many environmental monitoring scenarios, the sampling robot needs to simultaneously explore the environment and exploit features of interest with limited time. We present an anytime multi-objective informative planning method called…

机器人学 · 计算机科学 2021-11-04 Weizhe Chen , Lantao Liu

Inspired by recent successes of Monte-Carlo tree search (MCTS) in a number of artificial intelligence (AI) application domains, we propose a model-based reinforcement learning (RL) technique that iteratively applies MCTS on batches of…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2018-05-16 Daniel R. Jiang , Emmanuel Ekwedike , Han Liu

Reinforcement learning is a framework for interactive decision-making with incentives sequentially revealed across time without a system dynamics model. Due to its scaling to continuous spaces, we focus on policy search where one…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-01-04 Amrit Singh Bedi , Anjaly Parayil , Junyu Zhang , Mengdi Wang , Alec Koppel

This paper introduces the MCTS algorithm to the financial world and focuses on solving significant multi-period financial planning models by combining a Monte Carlo Tree Search algorithm with a deep neural network. The MCTS provides an…

计算金融 · 定量金融 2022-05-19 Afşar Onat Aydınhan , Xiaoyue Li , John M. Mulvey

High dimensional black-box optimization has broad applications but remains a challenging problem to solve. Given a set of samples $\{\vx_i, y_i\}$, building a global model (like Bayesian Optimization (BO)) suffers from the curse of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-03-15 Linnan Wang , Rodrigo Fonseca , Yuandong Tian

In retrosynthetic planning, the huge number of possible routes to synthesize a complex molecule using simple building blocks leads to a combinatorial explosion of possibilities. Even experienced chemists often have difficulty to select the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-13 Siqi Hong , Hankz Hankui Zhuo , Kebing Jin , Guang Shao , Zhanwen Zhou

We study online policy optimization in nonlinear time-varying dynamical systems where the true dynamical models are unknown to the controller. This problem is challenging because, unlike in linear systems, the controller cannot obtain…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2024-04-22 Yiheng Lin , James A. Preiss , Fengze Xie , Emile Anand , Soon-Jo Chung , Yisong Yue , Adam Wierman

Tree Search (TS) is crucial to some of the most influential successes in reinforcement learning. Here, we tackle two major challenges with TS that limit its usability: \textit{distribution shift} and \textit{scalability}. We first discover…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-02-07 Assaf Hallak , Gal Dalal , Steven Dalton , Iuri Frosio , Shie Mannor , Gal Chechik

Improving the decision-making capabilities of agents is a key challenge on the road to artificial intelligence. To improve the planning skills needed to make good decisions, MuZero's agent combines prediction by a network model and planning…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Matthias Unverzagt

Due to the large combinatorial problem, current beam orientation optimization algorithms for radiotherapy, such as column generation (CG), are typically heuristic or greedy in nature, leading to suboptimal solutions. We propose a…

医学物理 · 物理学 2020-04-15 Azar Sadeghnejad-Barkousaraie , Gyanendra Bohara , Steve Jiang , Dan Nguyen