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Recent large-scale natural language processing (NLP) systems use a pre-trained Large Language Model (LLM) on massive and diverse corpora as a headstart. In practice, the pre-trained model is adapted to a wide array of tasks via fine-tuning…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-09-12 Jimit Majmudar , Christophe Dupuy , Charith Peris , Sami Smaili , Rahul Gupta , Richard Zemel

Prompts have significantly improved the performance of pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) on various downstream tasks recently, making them increasingly indispensable for a diverse range of LLM application scenarios. However, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-19 Hongwei Yao , Jian Lou , Zhan Qin

Large language models (LLMs) do not preserve privacy at inference-time. The LLM's outputs can inadvertently reveal information about the model's context, which presents a privacy challenge when the LLM is augmented via tools or databases…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Rushil Thareja , Preslav Nakov , Praneeth Vepakomma , Nils Lukas

The interactive use of large language models (LLMs) in AI assistants (at work, home, etc.) introduces a new set of inference-time privacy risks: LLMs are fed different types of information from multiple sources in their inputs and are…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Niloofar Mireshghallah , Hyunwoo Kim , Xuhui Zhou , Yulia Tsvetkov , Maarten Sap , Reza Shokri , Yejin Choi

Current LLM-based services typically require users to submit raw text regardless of its sensitivity. While intuitive, such practice introduces substantial privacy risks, as unauthorized access may expose personal, medical, or legal…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-09 Jeongho Yoon , Chanhee Park , Yongchan Chun , Hyeonseok Moon , Heuiseok Lim

Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) are pivotal in revolutionizing customer support and operations by integrating multiple modalities such as text, images, and audio. Federated Prompt Learning (FPL) is a recently proposed approach that…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Linh Tran , Wei Sun , Stacy Patterson , Ana Milanova

The emergence of ChatGPT marks the arrival of the large language model (LLM) era. While LLMs demonstrate their power in a variety of fields, they also raise serious privacy concerns as the users' queries are sent to the model provider. On…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Fei Zheng , Chaochao Chen , Zhongxuan Han , Xiaolin Zheng

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated increasing power, they have also called upon studies on their hallucinated outputs that deviate from factually correct statements. In this paper, we focus on one important scenario of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Nan Xu , Xuezhe Ma

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention for their exceptional natural language processing capabilities. However, concerns about their trustworthiness remain unresolved, particularly in addressing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-29 Yue Huang , Jingyu Tang , Dongping Chen , Bingda Tang , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun , Philip S. Yu , Xiangliang Zhang

Prompt engineering has emerged as a powerful technique for optimizing large language models (LLMs) for specific applications, enabling faster prototyping and improved performance, and giving rise to the interest of the community in…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-02-17 Roman Levin , Valeriia Cherepanova , Abhimanyu Hans , Avi Schwarzschild , Tom Goldstein

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate responses based on user prompts. Often, these prompts may contain highly sensitive information, including personally identifiable information (PII), which could be exposed to third parties hosting these…

Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly being adopted for tasks like drafting emails, summarizing meetings, and answering health questions. In these settings, users may need to share private information (e.g., contact details, health…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-16 Xiaoyuan Wu , Roshni Kaushik , Wenkai Li , Lujo Bauer , Koichi Onoue

Large Language Models (LLMs) deployed in enterprise settings (e.g., as Microsoft 365 Copilot) face novel security challenges. One critical threat is prompt inference attacks: adversaries chain together seemingly benign prompts to gradually…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-22 Andrii Balashov , Olena Ponomarova , Xiaohua Zhai

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely applied for their remarkable capability of content generation. However, the practical use of open-source LLMs is hindered by high resource requirements, making deployment expensive and limiting…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Wenjie Qu , Yuguang Zhou , Yongji Wu , Tingsong Xiao , Binhang Yuan , Yiming Li , Jiaheng Zhang

The increasing reliance on Large Language Models (LLMs) in sensitive domains like finance necessitates robust methods for privacy preservation and regulatory compliance. This paper presents an iterative meta-prompting methodology designed…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Sayash Raaj Hiraou

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have significantly advanced the field of natural language processing (NLP). By fine-tuning LLMs with data from specific scenarios, these foundation models can better adapt to various downstream…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-11-05 Jiaqi Wu , Simin Chen , Yuzhe Yang , Yijiang Li , Shiyue Hou , Rui Jing , Zehua Wang , Wei Chen , Zijian Tian

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) raises privacy concerns due to the risk of exposing sensitive training data. Federated learning (FL) mitigates this risk by keeping training samples on local devices, while facing the following…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-15 Zhichao You , Xuewen Dong , Ke Cheng , Xutong Mu , Jiaxuan Fu , Shiyang Ma , Qiang Qu , Yulong Shen

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in various complex reasoning tasks due to their excellent instruction following capability. However, the model's performance is highly dependent on the open-ended characteristics of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Zhenzhen Huang , Chaoning Zhang , Fachrina Dewi Puspitasari , Jiaquan Zhang , Yitian Zhou , Shuxu Chen , Yang Yang

In this study, we propose a homotopy-inspired prompt obfuscation framework to enhance understanding of security and safety vulnerabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs). By systematically applying carefully engineered prompts, we…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-01-22 Luis Lazo , Hamed Jelodar , Roozbeh Razavi-Far

Conversational agents are increasingly woven into individuals' personal lives, yet users often underestimate the privacy risks associated with them. The moment users share information with these agents-such as large language models…