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Text ranking is a critical task in information retrieval. Recent advances in pre-trained language models (PLMs), especially large language models (LLMs), present new opportunities for applying them to text ranking. While supervised…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Longhui Zhang , Yanzhao Zhang , Dingkun Long , Pengjun Xie , Meishan Zhang , Min Zhang

The data and compute requirements of current language modeling technology pose challenges for the processing and analysis of low-resource languages. Declarative linguistic knowledge has the potential to partially bridge this data scarcity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-02 Bhargav Shandilya , Alexis Palmer

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating additional information from retrieval. However, studies have shown that LLMs still face challenges in effectively using the retrieved information,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Shicheng Xu , Liang Pang , Mo Yu , Fandong Meng , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng , Jie Zhou

Several recent works have argued that Large Language Models (LLMs) can be used to tame the data deluge in the cybersecurity field, by improving the automation of Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) tasks. This work presents an evaluation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-11-13 Emanuele Mezzi , Fabio Massacci , Katja Tuma

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit strong linguistic abilities while remaining unreliable on multi-step reasoning tasks, particularly when deployed without additional training or fine-tuning. In this work, we study inference-time…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-24 Vinay Sharma , Manish Jain

Large Language Models (LLMs) have swiftly emerged as vital resources for different applications in the biomedical and healthcare domains; however, these models encounter issues such as generating inaccurate information or hallucinations.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-06 Mingchen Li , Halil Kilicoglu , Hua Xu , Rui Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable in-context reasoning capabilities across a wide range of tasks, particularly with unstructured inputs such as language or images. However, LLMs struggle to handle structured data,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-20 Jintang Li , Ruofan Wu , Yuchang Zhu , Huizhe Zhang , Liang Chen , Zibin Zheng

Knowing that the generative capabilities of large language models (LLM) are sometimes hampered by tendencies to hallucinate or create non-factual responses, researchers have increasingly focused on methods to ground generated outputs in…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2024-11-20 Sonal Prabhune , Donald J. Berndt

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant capabilities, their reliance on parametric knowledge often leads to inaccuracies. Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this by incorporating external knowledge, but…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Hailong Yin , Bin Zhu , Jingjing Chen , Chong-Wah Ngo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have catalyzed significant advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP), yet they encounter challenges such as hallucination and the need for domain-specific knowledge. To mitigate these, recent…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-01 Yucheng Hu , Yuxing Lu

This paper introduces a simple and scalable approach to improve the data efficiency of large language model (LLM) training by augmenting existing text data with thinking trajectories. The compute for pre-training LLMs has been growing at an…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Liang Wang , Nan Yang , Shaohan Huang , Li Dong , Furu Wei

Retrieval-Augmented Generative (RAG) models enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating external knowledge bases, improving their performance in applications like fact-checking and information searching. In this paper, we…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-01 Zhen Tan , Chengshuai Zhao , Raha Moraffah , Yifan Li , Song Wang , Jundong Li , Tianlong Chen , Huan Liu

This survey reviews how large language models (LLMs) are transforming synthetic training data generation in both natural language and code domains. By producing artificial but task-relevant examples, these models can significantly augment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-21 Mihai Nadas , Laura Diosan , Andreea Tomescu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being used in real-world applications. However, concerns about the reliability of the content they generate persist, as it frequently deviates from factual correctness or exhibits deficiencies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-05 Yunzhen He , Yusuke Takase , Yoichi Ishibashi , Hidetoshi Shimodaira

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed for code generation in high-stakes software development, yet their limited transparency in security reasoning and brittleness to evolving vulnerability patterns raise critical…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Manisha Mukherjee , Vincent J. Hellendoorn

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds Large Language Models (LLMs) to mitigate factual hallucinations. Recent paradigms shift from static pipelines to Modular and Agentic RAG frameworks, granting models autonomy for multi-hop…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-03-03 Yichao Wu , Penghao Liang , Yafei Xiang , Mengwei Yuan , Jianan Liu , Jing Yang , Xianyou Li , Weiran Yan

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique that enhances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources. This method addresses common LLM limitations, including outdated information and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-16 Yuanjie Lyu , Zhiyu Li , Simin Niu , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Wenjin Wang , Hao Wu , Huanyong Liu , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown versatility in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks, including their potential as effective question-answering systems. However, to provide precise and relevant information in response to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-09 Sriram Veturi , Saurabh Vaichal , Reshma Lal Jagadheesh , Nafis Irtiza Tripto , Nian Yan

This study investigates the in-context learning capabilities of various decoder-only transformer-based language models with different model sizes and training data, including GPT2, SmolLM2, OpenELM, TinyLlama, Stable LM, and Gemma 2. We…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-24 Yen-Che Hsiao , Abhishek Dutta

In the current cybersecurity landscape, protecting military devices such as communication and battlefield management systems against sophisticated cyber attacks is crucial. Malware exploits vulnerabilities through stealth methods, often…