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The predictions of Large Language Models (LLMs) on downstream tasks often improve significantly when including examples of the input--label relationship in the context. However, there is currently no consensus about how this in-context…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-14 Jannik Kossen , Yarin Gal , Tom Rainforth

In-Context Learning (ICL) empowers Large Language Models (LLMs) with the ability to learn from a few examples provided in the prompt, enabling downstream generalization without the requirement for gradient updates. Despite encouragingly…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Haitao Mao , Guangliang Liu , Yao Ma , Rongrong Wang , Kristen Johnson , Jiliang Tang

Recent studies have demonstrated that In-Context Learning (ICL), through the use of specific demonstrations, can align Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences known as In-Context Alignment (ICA), indicating that models can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-18 Heyan Huang , Yinghao Li , Huashan Sun , Yu Bai , Yang Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have shown an impressive ability to perform a wide range of tasks using in-context learning (ICL), where a few examples are used to describe a task to the model. However, the performance of ICL varies…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-25 Keqin Peng , Liang Ding , Yancheng Yuan , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang , Yuanxin Ouyang , Dacheng Tao

Large language models (LLM) have recently shown the extraordinary ability to perform unseen tasks based on few-shot examples provided as text, also known as in-context learning (ICL). While recent works have attempted to understand the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Harmon Bhasin , Timothy Ossowski , Yiqiao Zhong , Junjie Hu

Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful reasoning engines for embodied control. In particular, In-Context Learning (ICL) enables off-the-shelf, text-only LLMs to predict robot actions without any task-specific training while…

Clinical decision support systems require models that are not only highly accurate but also equitable and sensitive to the implications of missed diagnoses. In this study, we introduce a knowledge-guided in-context learning (ICL) framework…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Fatemeh Nazary , Yashar Deldjoo , Tommaso Di Noia , Eugenio di Sciascio

In-context Learning (ICL) is the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to perform new tasks when conditioned on prompts comprising a few task examples. However, ICL performance can be critically sensitive to the choice of examples. To…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-23 Shivanshu Gupta , Clemens Rosenbaum , Ethan R. Elenberg

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently gained the In-Context Learning (ICL) ability with the models scaling up, allowing them to quickly adapt to downstream tasks with only a few demonstration examples prepended in the input sequence.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-03-19 Zhe Yang , Damai Dai , Peiyi Wang , Zhifang Sui

Cross-lingual in-context learning (XICL) has emerged as a transformative paradigm for leveraging large language models (LLMs) to tackle multilingual tasks, especially for low-resource languages. However, existing approaches often rely on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-13 Mateo Alejandro Rojas , Rafael Carranza

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable flexibility: they can adapt to novel tasks from in-context examples without any parameter updates, a capability known as in-context learning (ICL). Prior work on synthetic tasks has shown that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-29 Hua-Dong Xiong , Li Ji-An , Robert C. Wilson , Kwonjoon Lee , Xue-Xin Wei

In-Context Learning (ICL) has emerged as a pivotal capability of auto-regressive large language models, yet it is hindered by a notable sensitivity to the ordering of context examples regardless of their mutual independence. To address this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-09 Lizhe Fang , Yifei Wang , Khashayar Gatmiry , Lei Fang , Yisen Wang

Fine-tuning and in-context learning (ICL) are two prevalent methods in imbuing large language models with task-specific knowledge. It is commonly believed that fine-tuning can surpass ICL given sufficient training samples as it allows the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Qingyu Yin , Xuzheng He , Luoao Deng , Chak Tou Leong , Fan Wang , Yanzhao Yan , Xiaoyu Shen , Qiang Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across various tasks, but their performance on domain-specific tasks remains limited. While methods like retrieval augmented generation and fine-tuning can help to address…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 M. Mehdi Mojarradi , Lingyi Yang , Robert McCraith , Adam Mahdi

Alignment tuning is crucial for ensuring large language models (LLMs) behave ethically and helpfully. Current alignment approaches require high-quality annotations and significant training resources. This paper proposes a low-cost,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Yuncheng Hua , Lizhen Qu , Zhuang Li , Hao Xue , Flora D. Salim , Gholamreza Haffari

In-context learning (ICL) has become the default method for using large language models (LLMs), making the exploration of its limitations and understanding the underlying causes crucial. In this paper, we find that ICL falls short of…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-16 Hao Peng , Xiaozhi Wang , Jianhui Chen , Weikai Li , Yunjia Qi , Zimu Wang , Zhili Wu , Kaisheng Zeng , Bin Xu , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

In-context learning (ICL) facilitates Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibiting emergent ability on downstream tasks without updating billions of parameters. However, in the area of multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), two problems…

多媒体 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Jun Gao , Qian Qiao , Ziqiang Cao , Zili Wang , Wenjie Li

In-Context Learning (ICL) is a critical capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) as it empowers them to comprehend and reason across interconnected inputs. Evaluating the ICL ability of LLMs can enhance their utilization and deepen our…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-10 Wentong Chen , Yankai Lin , ZhenHao Zhou , HongYun Huang , Yantao Jia , Zhao Cao , Ji-Rong Wen

In-context learning (ICL) is now a common method for teaching large language models (LLMs) new tasks: given labeled examples in the input context, the LLM learns to perform the task without weight updates. Do models guided via ICL infer the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-11 Aaron Mueller , Albert Webson , Jackson Petty , Tal Linzen

Large language models (LLMs) can perform a new task by merely conditioning on task instructions and a few input-output examples, without optimizing any parameters. This is called In-Context Learning (ICL). In-context Information Extraction…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-14 Chaoxu Pang , Yixuan Cao , Qiang Ding , Ping Luo