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Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has advanced the reasoning capability of large language models (LLMs), enabling autonomous agents that can conduct effective multi-turn and tool-integrated reasoning. While instructions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Han Zhou , Xingchen Wan , Ivan Vulić , Anna Korhonen

Current neural decoding methods typically aim at explaining behavior based on neural activity via supervised learning. However, since generally there is a strong connection between learning of subjects and their expectations on long-term…

Global explanations of a reinforcement learning (RL) agent's expected behavior can make it safer to deploy. However, such explanations are often difficult to understand because of the complicated nature of many RL policies. Effective human…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-11-16 Sanjana Narayanan , Isaac Lage , Finale Doshi-Velez

Explainable Reinforcement Learning (XRL) has emerged as a promising approach in improving the transparency of Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents. However, there remains a gap between complex RL policies and domain experts, due to the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-09 Haechang Kim , Hao Chen , Can Li , Jong Min Lee

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms usually require a substantial amount of interaction data and perform well only for specific tasks in a fixed environment. In some scenarios such as healthcare, however, usually only few records are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-12-17 Chaochao Lu , Biwei Huang , Ke Wang , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato , Kun Zhang , Bernhard Schölkopf

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has substantially enhanced the reasoning capabilities of multimodal large language models (MLLMs). However, existing RLVR approaches typically rely on outcome-driven optimization that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Ziqi Miao , Haonan Jia , Lijun Li , Chen Qian , Yuan Xiong , Wenting Yan , Jing Shao

Autonomous multi-agent systems (MAS) are useful for automating complex tasks but raise trust concerns due to risks such as miscoordination or goal misalignment. Explainability is vital for users' trust calibration, but explainable MAS face…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-30 Bálint Gyevnár , Christopher G. Lucas , Stefano V. Albrecht , Shay B. Cohen

The deployment of reinforcement learning (RL) in the real world comes with challenges in calibrating user trust and expectations. As a step toward developing RL systems that are able to communicate their competencies, we present a method of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-11-19 Aastha Acharya , Rebecca Russell , Nisar R. Ahmed

Understanding the agent's learning process, particularly the factors that contribute to its success or failure post-training, is crucial for comprehending the rationale behind the agent's decision-making process. Prior methods clarify the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-10-15 Shuang Ao , Simon Khan , Haris Aziz , Flora D. Salim

Deep reinforcement learning (DRL) has been proven its efficiency in capturing users' dynamic interests in recent literature. However, training a DRL agent is challenging, because of the sparse environment in recommender systems (RS), DRL…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2022-09-20 Xiaocong Chen , Siyu Wang , Lina Yao , Lianyong Qi , Yong Li

Reinforcement learning techniques successfully generate convincing agent behaviors, but it is still difficult to tailor the behavior to align with a user's specific preferences. What is missing is a communication method for the system to…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2021-05-28 Christian Arzate Cruz , Takeo Igarashi

Reinforcement learning (RL) is an effective method of finding reasoning pathways in incomplete knowledge graphs (KGs). To overcome the challenges of a large action space, a self-supervised pre-training method is proposed to warm up the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Ying Ma , Owen Burns , Mingqiu Wang , Gang Li , Nan Du , Laurent El Shafey , Liqiang Wang , Izhak Shafran , Hagen Soltau

To enhance the interpretability of Reinforcement Learning (RL), we propose Revealing Evolutionary Action Consequence Trajectories (REACT). In contrast to the prevalent practice of validating RL models based on their optimal behavior learned…

We present a novel generative method for producing unseen and plausible counterfactual examples for reinforcement learning (RL) agents based upon outcome variables that characterize agent behavior. Our approach uses a variational…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2022-07-19 Eric Yeh , Pedro Sequeira , Jesse Hostetler , Melinda Gervasio

How can we design good goals for arbitrarily intelligent agents? Reinforcement learning (RL) is a natural approach. Unfortunately, RL does not work well for generally intelligent agents, as RL agents are incentivised to shortcut the reward…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2016-05-11 Tom Everitt , Marcus Hutter

In practice, reinforcement learning (RL) agents are often trained with a possibly imperfect proxy reward function, which may lead to a human-agent alignment issue (i.e., the learned policy either converges to non-optimal performance with…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Zhaohui Jiang , Xuening Feng , Paul Weng , Yifei Zhu , Yan Song , Tianze Zhou , Yujing Hu , Tangjie Lv , Changjie Fan

Humans integrate multiple sensory modalities (e.g. visual and audio) to build a causal understanding of the physical world. In this work, we propose a novel type of intrinsic motivation for Reinforcement Learning (RL) that encourages the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-07-28 Chuang Gan , Xiaoyu Chen , Phillip Isola , Antonio Torralba , Joshua B. Tenenbaum

Inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) aims to explain observed strategic behavior by fitting reinforcement learning models to behavioral data. However, traditional IRL methods are only applicable when the observations are in the form of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-06-26 Antti Kangasrääsiö , Samuel Kaski

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) has achieved remarkable success in sequential decision-making tasks across diverse domains, yet its reliance on black-box neural architectures hinders interpretability, trust, and deployment in high-stakes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Zelei Cheng , Jiahao Yu , Xinyu Xing

Action advising is a knowledge transfer technique for reinforcement learning based on the teacher-student paradigm. An expert teacher provides advice to a student during training in order to improve the student's sample efficiency and…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-06-19 Yue Guo , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Ruiyu Li , Dana Hughes , Fei Fang , Katia Sycara