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Neutrino capture on beta-decaying nuclei is currently the only known potentially viable method of detection of cosmic background neutrinos. It is based on the idea of separation of the spectra of electrons or positrons produced in captures…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2019-09-25 Evgeny Akhmedov

As in Greek mythology, the neutrino was born in the mind of Wolfgang Pauli to salvage a fundamental principle. Its existence met with universal skepticism by a scientific community used to infer particles from experiment. Its detection in…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2019-02-06 Pierre Ramond

The idea of atoms is old but X-rays provided the first probe into the physical atom. Photographs of X-ray scattering from crystals -Laue spots- were the first visual proof for the physical existence of atoms arranged in a perfect geometric…

物理学史与哲学 · 物理学 2013-11-04 Yeuncheol Jeong , Ming Yin , Timir Datta

The electron-diffraction pattern at a nonfluorescent target was observed by Schwarz under attempts to modulate an electron beam by laser light. The pattern was of the same color as the laser light. The analysis of the literature shows there…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-06-26 Yu. N. Morokov

The aim of this work is experimental discovery and research of a rare neutron mode, the radiative beta-decay, where a new particle, the radiative gamma-quantum, is formed along with the expected decay products beta-electron, recoil proton…

Imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) are sensitive to rare gamma-ray photons, buried in the background of charged cosmic-ray (CR) particles, the flux of which is several orders of magnitude greater. The ability to separate gamma…

天体物理仪器与方法 · 物理学 2017-06-14 Qi Feng , Tony T. Y. Lin

Radio-detection is a mature technique that has gained large momentum over the past decades. Its physical detection principle is mainly driven by the electromagnetic part of the shower, and is therefore not too sensitive to uncertainties on…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2022-11-08 Simon Chiche , Valentin Decoene

Accurate measurements of photonuclear reaction cross sections are crucial for a number of applications, including radiation shielding design, absorbed dose calculations, reactor physics and engineering, nuclear safeguard and inspection,…

Kepler's observation of comets tails initiated the research on the radiation pressure of celestial objects and 250 years later they found new incarnation after the Maxwell's equations were formulated to describe a plethora of light-matter…

介观与纳米尺度物理 · 物理学 2018-10-10 V. M. Kovalev , A. E. Miroshnichenko , I. G. Savenko

Collisions of atomic nuclei at relativistic velocities allow to recreate the conditions encountered in neutron stars or in the early universe micro-seconds after the Big Bang. These reactions are performed in today's largest accelerator…

科普物理 · 物理学 2022-01-04 Hannah Vormann , Tom Reichert , Christian Spieles , Jan Steinheimer , Marcus Bleicher

In this review the basic interaction mechanisms of charged and neutral particles are presented. The ionization energy loss of charged particles is fundamental to most particle detectors and is therefore described in more detail. The…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2009-10-31 C. Grupen

By confusing the radiance of a single mode light beam, constant in a transparent medium, with the irradiance which decreases away from the source, Menzel purports to show that coherent interactions of light with the diluted media of…

综合物理 · 物理学 2010-02-09 Jacques Moret-Bailly

This paper provides, firstly, a succinct mathematical derivation of Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of photons elaborating on previous results [M\"uller, E.E., Annals of Phys. 184, 219-230 (1988); M\"uller, E.E. Physica 139A, 165-174…

量子物理 · 物理学 2019-11-27 Eberhard E. Müller

Studying the physical processes occurring in the region just above the magnetic poles of strongly magnetized, accreting binary neutron stars is essential to our understanding of stellar and binary system evolution. Perhaps more importantly,…

JUNO is a multi-purpose neutrino experiment currently under construction in Jiangmen, China. It is primary aiming to determine the neutrino mass ordering. Moreover, its 20\,kt target mass makes it an ideal detector to study neutrinos from…

仪器与探测器 · 物理学 2021-02-03 Livia Ludhova , Henning Rebber , Björn Soenke Wonsak , Yu Xu

Understanding and interpretation of the dynamics of ultrarelativistic plasma is a challenge, which calls for the development of methods for \textit{in situ} probing the plasma dynamical characteristics. We put forward a new method,…

等离子体物理 · 物理学 2022-05-03 Zheng Gong , Karen Z. Hatsagortsyan , Christoph H. Keitel

We investigate the ionization state of very energetic cosmic ray nuclei in photon fields, such as the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in extragalactic propagation and the environment surrounding the acceleration site in astrophysical…

高能物理 - 唯象学 · 物理学 2024-10-17 AmirFarzan Esmaeili , Arman Esmaili , Pasquale Dario Serpico

The invention of laser immediately enabled us to detect nonlinearities of photon interaction in matter, as manifested for example by Franken et al.'s detection of second harmonic generation and the excitation of the Brillouin forward…

量子物理 · 物理学 2010-06-24 Kensuke Homma , Dieter Habs , Toshiki Tajima

Volume II of two. This document could be of interest to anyone who wants to have a comprehensive inside information about the research in nuclear physics from its early beginnings to later years. It describes highlights of my research work…

核实验 · 物理学 2016-12-26 Ron W. Nielsen

The IceCube neutrino observatory uses $1\,\mathrm{km}^{3}$ of the natural Antarctic ice near the geographic South Pole as optical detection medium. When charged particles, such as particles produced in neutrino interactions, pass through…

高能天体物理现象 · 物理学 2019-08-21 Anna Pollmann