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The rising demand of computing power leads to the installation of a large number of Data Centers (DCs). Their Fault-Ride-Through (FRT) behavior and their unique power characteristics, especially for DCs catered to Artificial Intelligence…

A Coupled Natural Circulation Loop (CNCL) consists of two Natural Circulation Loops (NCL) coupled thermally via a common heat exchanger. The transient modelling of such systems that have practical relevance has not been reported in the…

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are well proved to be capable to provide operating reserve for power systems. As a type of large-capacity and energy-efficient HVAC system (up to 100 MW), district cooling system…

We introduce thermodynamic networks, a general framework for autonomous, physics-based computation using non-equilibrium steady states. These networks are modeled as a collection of finite-size reservoirs that exchange conserved…

The steady state behavior of thermodynamically supercritical natural circulation loops (NCLs) is investigated in this work. Experimental steady state results with supercritical carbon dioxide are presented for reduced pressures in the range…

The design and optimization of cryogenic propellant storage tanks for NASA's future space missions require fast and accurate predictions of long-term fluid behaviors. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) techniques are high-fidelity but…

Drop-wise condensation (DWC) has been the focus of scientific research in vapor condensation technologies since the 20th century. Improvement of condensation rate in DWC is limited by the maximum droplet a condensation surface could…

The dual challenge of decarbonizing the economy and meeting rising global energy demand underscores the need for scalable and cost-effective carbon dioxide removal technologies. Direct air capture (DAC) is among the most promising…

As power grids experience increasing renewable penetration and rapid load growth from AI data centers and electrification, alleviating line congestion becomes critical to unlocking additional grid capacity. This work investigates Dynamic…

Harvesting condensed atmospheric vapour as dew water can be an alternative or complementary potable water resource in specific arid or insular areas. Such radiation-cooled condensing devices use already existing flat surfaces (roofs) or…

Cooling system plays a critical role in a modern data center (DC). Developing an optimal control policy for DC cooling system is a challenging task. The prevailing approaches often rely on approximating system models that are built upon the…

The modelling of the dynamics of inclined closed loop buoyancy driven heat exchangers with inclusion of the wall conduction effect at the heat exchanger is presented in the current study. A Coupled Natural Circulation Loop (CNCL) is an…

Energy efficiency in process industry and passive safety systems in nuclear power plants necessitate the use of buoyancy driven heat exchangers. The current study presents a 1-D numerical model of the buoyancy driven fluid system in a…

This paper presents a passivity-based control framework for AC-DC converters supplying non-passive Information Technology rack loads in DC data centers. Unlike conventional cascaded proportional-integral controllers that ensure stability…

In this paper, we study a problem of controlling cooling facilities and computational equipments for energy-efficient operations of data centers. Although a plethora of approaches have been proposed in previous literatures, there is a lack…

Although a superconductor has no DC losses, a superconducting system does have significant losses, especially when it comes to power supply. Here, we study two different power supply systems. The first, a conventional one, consists of a…

The intermittency of solar and wind power can be addressed by integrating them with Solid Oxide Cells (SOCs). This study delves into the transient characteristics of SOCs and their dependence on dynamic heat and mass transfer processes.…

We study the distribution of colloidal particles confined in drying spherical droplets using both dynamic density functional theory (DDFT) and particle-based simulations. In particular, we focus on the advection-dominated regime typical of…

With the complex hybrid AC-DC power system in China coming into being, the HVDC faults, such as DC block faults, have an enormous effect on the frequency stability of the AC side. In multi-infeed HVDC (MIDC) system, to improve the frequency…

This paper explores the properties of adaptive systems with closed-loop reference models. Using additional design freedom available in closed-loop reference models, we design new adaptive controllers that are (a) stable, and (b) have…