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Theory of Mind (ToM)-the cognitive ability to reason about mental states of ourselves and others, is the foundation of social interaction. Although ToM comes naturally to humans, it poses a significant challenge to even the most advanced…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Guiyang Hou , Wenqi Zhang , Yongliang Shen , Linjuan Wu , Weiming Lu

To what degree should we ascribe cognitive capacities to Large Language Models (LLMs), such as the ability to reason about intentions and beliefs known as Theory of Mind (ToM)? Here we add to this emerging debate by (i) testing 11 base- and…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown potential in simulating human behaviors and performing theory-of-mind (ToM) reasoning, a crucial skill for complex social interactions. In this study, we investigate the role of ToM reasoning in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Neemesh Yadav , Palakorn Achananuparp , Jing Jiang , Ee-Peng Lim

As Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly participate in human-AI interactions, evaluating their Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities - particularly their ability to track dynamic mental states - becomes crucial. While existing benchmarks…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Yang Xiao , Jiashuo Wang , Qiancheng Xu , Changhe Song , Chunpu Xu , Yi Cheng , Wenjie Li , Pengfei Liu

Social reasoning necessitates the capacity of theory of mind (ToM), the ability to contextualise and attribute mental states to others without having access to their internal cognitive structure. Recent machine learning approaches to ToM…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-01-18 Dung Nguyen , Phuoc Nguyen , Hung Le , Kien Do , Svetha Venkatesh , Truyen Tran

The use of LLMs in natural language reasoning has shown mixed results, sometimes rivaling or even surpassing human performance in simpler classification tasks while struggling with social-cognitive reasoning, a domain where humans naturally…

In recent years, evaluating the Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities of large language models (LLMs) has received significant attention within the research community. As the field rapidly evolves, navigating the diverse approaches and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Karahan Sarıtaş , Kıvanç Tezören , Yavuz Durmazkeser

As large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, there is increasing interest in their ability to infer human mental states and demonstrate a human-like Theory of Mind (ToM). Most existing ToM evaluations, however, are centered on…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-26 Siqi Liu , Xinyang Li , Bochao Zou , Junbao Zhuo , Huimin Ma , Jiansheng Chen

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to others, is fundamental for human social intelligence and a critical capability for advanced Artificial Intelligence. Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-19 Yi-Long Lu , Chunhui Zhang , Jiajun Song , Lifeng Fan , Wei Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have sparked substantial interest and debate concerning their potential emergence of Theory of Mind (ToM) ability. Theory of mind evaluations currently focuses on testing models using machine-generated data or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-08 Chunkit Chan , Cheng Jiayang , Yauwai Yim , Zheye Deng , Wei Fan , Haoran Li , Xin Liu , Hongming Zhang , Weiqi Wang , Yangqiu Song

Theory of Mind (ToM)$\unicode{x2014}$the ability to reason about the mental states of other people$\unicode{x2014}$is a key element of our social intelligence. Yet, despite their ever more impressive performance, large-scale neural language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-02 Melanie Sclar , Sachin Kumar , Peter West , Alane Suhr , Yejin Choi , Yulia Tsvetkov

Theory of Mind (ToM) assesses whether models can infer hidden mental states such as beliefs, desires, and intentions, which is essential for natural social interaction. Although recent progress in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) has boosted…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-03-05 Nanxu Gong , Haotian Li , Sixun Dong , Jianxun Lian , Yanjie Fu , Xing Xie

Large Language models are revolutionizing the conversational recommender systems through their impressive capabilities in instruction comprehension, reasoning, and human interaction. A core factor underlying effective recommendation…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Mengfan Li , Xuanhua Shi , Yang Deng

Theory of Mind (ToM)-the ability to reason about the mental states of oneself and others-is a cornerstone of human social intelligence. As Large Language Models (LLMs) become ubiquitous in real-world applications, validating their capacity…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-13 Ruirui Chen , Weifeng Jiang , Chengwei Qin , Cheston Tan

Theory-of-Mind (ToM) is a fundamental psychological capability that allows humans to understand and interpret the mental states of others. Humans infer others' thoughts by integrating causal cues and indirect clues from broad contextual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-10 Chulun Zhou , Qiujing Wang , Mo Yu , Xiaoqian Yue , Rui Lu , Jiangnan Li , Yifan Zhou , Shunchi Zhang , Jie Zhou , Wai Lam

Theory of Mind (ToM), the ability to attribute mental states to others and predict their behaviour, is fundamental to social intelligence. In this paper, we survey studies evaluating behavioural and representational ToM in Large Language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Hieu Minh "Jord" Nguyen

With their recent development, large language models (LLMs) have been found to exhibit a certain level of Theory of Mind (ToM), a complex cognitive capacity that is related to our conscious mind and that allows us to infer another's beliefs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Mohsen Jamali , Ziv M. Williams , Jing Cai

The study explores whether current Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit Theory of Mind (ToM) capabilities -- specifically, the ability to infer others' beliefs, intentions, and emotions from text. Given that LLMs are trained on language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-20 Anna Babarczy , Andras Lukacs , Peter Vedres , Zeteny Bujka

Improving the Theory of Mind (ToM) capability of Large Language Models (LLMs) is crucial for effective social interactions between these AI models and humans. However, the existing benchmarks often measure ToM capability improvement through…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Nanxu Gong , Zixin Chen , Haotian Li , Zishu Zhao , Jianxun Lian , Huamin Qu , Yanjie Fu , Xing Xie

Recent studies have increasingly demonstrated that large language models (LLMs) possess significant theory of mind (ToM) capabilities, showing the potential for simulating the tracking of mental states in generative agents. In this study,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Bo Yang , Jiaxian Guo , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo