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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly being integrated into the scientific peer-review process, raising new questions about their reliability and resilience to manipulation. In this work, we investigate the potential for hidden…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Matteo Gioele Collu , Umberto Salviati , Roberto Confalonieri , Mauro Conti , Giovanni Apruzzese

Automated red-teaming for LLMs often discovers narrow attack slices, missing diverse real-world threats, and yielding insufficient data for safety fine-tuning. We introduce Persona-Conditioned Adversarial Prompting (PCAP), which conditions…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Cristian Morasso , Anisa Halimi , Muhammad Zaid Hameed , Douglas Leith

Large language models (LLMs) excel in diverse applications but face dual challenges: generating harmful content under jailbreak attacks and over-refusal of benign queries due to rigid safety mechanisms. These issues are further complicated…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-11-04 Yifan Xia , Guorui Chen , Wenqian Yu , Zhijiang Li , Philip Torr , Jindong Gu

Large language models (LLMs) can perform recommendation tasks by taking prompts written in natural language as input. Compared to traditional methods such as collaborative filtering, LLM-based recommendation offers advantages in handling…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-07-21 Genki Kusano , Kosuke Akimoto , Kunihiro Takeoka

Prompt-based learning is a new language model training paradigm that adapts the Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to downstream tasks, which revitalizes the performance benchmarks across various natural language processing (NLP) tasks.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-10 Yue Xu , Wenjie Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet their safety mechanisms remain susceptible to adversarial attacks that exploit cognitive biases -- systematic deviations from rational…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Xikang Yang , Biyu Zhou , Xuehai Tang , Jizhong Han , Songlin Hu

Large language models (LLMs) employ safety mechanisms to prevent harmful outputs, yet these defenses primarily rely on semantic pattern matching. We show that encoding harmful prompts as coherent mathematical problems -- using formalisms…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-06 Haoyu Zhang , Mohammad Zandsalimy , Shanu Sushmita

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have enabled transformative advancements across diverse applications but remain susceptible to safety threats, especially jailbreak attacks that induce harmful outputs. To systematically evaluate and…

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) achieve strong reasoning and perception capabilities but are increasingly vulnerable to jailbreak attacks. While existing work focuses on explicit attacks, where malicious content resides in a single…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-28 Xu Zhang , Hao Li , Zhichao Lu

Modern LLM agents solve complex tasks by operating in iterative execution loops, where they repeatedly reason, act, and self-evaluate progress to determine when a task is complete. In this work, we show that while this self-directed loop…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-08 Huiyu Xu , Zhibo Wang , Wenhui Zhang , Ziqi Zhu , Yaopeng Wang , Kui Ren , Chun Chen

Large language models (LLMs) have gained widespread adoption across diverse applications due to their impressive generative capabilities. Their plug-and-play nature enables both developers and end users to interact with these models through…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-10-21 Zongze Li , Jiawei Guo , Haipeng Cai

With the boom of Large Language Models (LLMs), the research of solving Math Word Problem (MWP) has recently made great progress. However, there are few studies to examine the security of LLMs in math solving ability. Instead of attacking…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-09-06 Zihao Zhou , Qiufeng Wang , Mingyu Jin , Jie Yao , Jianan Ye , Wei Liu , Wei Wang , Xiaowei Huang , Kaizhu Huang

The rapid progress of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened up new opportunities across various domains and applications; yet it also presents challenges related to potential misuse. To mitigate such risks, red teaming has been employed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Yifan Jiang , Kriti Aggarwal , Tanmay Laud , Kashif Munir , Jay Pujara , Subhabrata Mukherjee

The widespread adoption of large language models (LLMs) has raised concerns about their safety and reliability, particularly regarding their vulnerability to adversarial attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel perspective that attributes…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Zhihui Xie , Jiahui Gao , Lei Li , Zhenguo Li , Qi Liu , Lingpeng Kong

As the pre-trained language models (PLMs) continue to grow, so do the hardware and data requirements for fine-tuning PLMs. Therefore, the researchers have come up with a lighter method called \textit{Prompt Learning}. However, during the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-09-07 Yundi Shi , Piji Li , Changchun Yin , Zhaoyang Han , Lu Zhou , Zhe Liu

Recent breakthroughs in natural language processing (NLP) have permitted the synthesis and comprehension of coherent text in an open-ended way, therefore translating the theoretical algorithms into practical applications. The large language…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-30 Terry Yue Zhuo , Yujin Huang , Chunyang Chen , Zhenchang Xing

AI safety training and red-teaming of large language models (LLMs) are measures to mitigate the generation of unsafe content. Our work exposes the inherent cross-lingual vulnerability of these safety mechanisms, resulting from the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-30 Zheng-Xin Yong , Cristina Menghini , Stephen H. Bach

Due to their architecture and vast pre-training data, large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong text classification performance. However, LLM output - here, the category assigned to a text - depends heavily on the wording of the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-04 Kylie L. Anglin , Stephanie Milan , Brittney Hernandez , Claudia Ventura

We consider the problem of red teaming LLMs on elementary calculations and algebraic tasks to evaluate how various prompting techniques affect the quality of outputs. We present a framework to procedurally generate numerical questions and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-02 Aleksander Buszydlik , Karol Dobiczek , Michał Teodor Okoń , Konrad Skublicki , Philip Lippmann , Jie Yang

Human motion generation driven by deep generative models has enabled compelling applications, but the ability of text-to-motion (T2M) models to produce realistic motions from text prompts raises security concerns if exploited maliciously.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-08-02 Honglei Miao , Fan Ma , Ruijie Quan , Kun Zhan , Yi Yang