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Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate an extensive amount of world knowledge, and this has enabled their application in various domains to improve the performance of a variety of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. This has also…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Sina Gholamian , Domingo Huh

With the development of large language models (LLMs) like the GPT series, their widespread use across various application scenarios presents a myriad of challenges. This review initially explores the issue of domain specificity, where LLMs…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Xiaoliang Chen , Liangbin Li , Le Chang , Yunhe Huang , Yuxuan Zhao , Yuxiao Zhang , Dinuo Li

In the age of misinformation, hallucination - the tendency of Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate non-factual or unfaithful responses - represents the main risk for their global utility. Despite LLMs becoming increasingly multilingual,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-03 Saad Obaid ul Islam , Anne Lauscher , Goran Glavaš

Large language models (LLMs) are highly capable of answering questions, but they are often unaware of their own knowledge boundary, i.e., knowing what they know and what they don't know. As a result, they can generate factually incorrect…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Christopher Adrian Kusuma , Muhammad Reza Qorib , Hwee Tou Ng

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are able to generate human-like, fluent responses for many downstream tasks, e.g., task-oriented dialog and question answering. However, applying LLMs to real-world, mission-critical…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-10 Baolin Peng , Michel Galley , Pengcheng He , Hao Cheng , Yujia Xie , Yu Hu , Qiuyuan Huang , Lars Liden , Zhou Yu , Weizhu Chen , Jianfeng Gao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to hallucinate, whereby they generate plausible but inaccurate text. This phenomenon poses significant risks in critical applications, such as medicine or law, necessitating robust hallucination…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-23 Benedict Aaron Tjandra , Muhammed Razzak , Jannik Kossen , Kunal Handa , Yarin Gal

Refusal-Aware Instruction Tuning (RAIT) enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to refuse to answer unknown questions. By modifying responses of unknown questions in the training data to refusal responses such as "I don't know", RAIT enhances…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Runchuan Zhu , Zhipeng Ma , Jiang Wu , Junyuan Gao , Jiaqi Wang , Dahua Lin , Conghui He

When prompted with a few examples and intermediate steps, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various reasoning tasks. However, prompting methods that rely on implicit knowledge in an LLM often generate…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Zhaocheng Zhu , Yuan Xue , Xinyun Chen , Denny Zhou , Jian Tang , Dale Schuurmans , Hanjun Dai

Hallucination has been widely recognized to be a significant drawback for large language models (LLMs). There have been many works that attempt to reduce the extent of hallucination. These efforts have mostly been empirical so far, which…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-14 Ziwei Xu , Sanjay Jain , Mohan Kankanhalli

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at understanding natural language but struggle with explicit commonsense reasoning. A recent trend of research suggests that the combination of LLM with robust symbolic reasoning systems can overcome this…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Manuel Borroto , Katie Gallagher , Antonio Ielo , Irfan Kareem , Francesco Ricca , Alessandra Russo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly important in natural language processing, enabling advanced data analytics through natural language queries. However, these models often generate "hallucinations"-inaccurate or…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-29 Mikhail Rumiantsau , Aliaksei Vertsel , Ilya Hrytsuk , Isaiah Ballah

Large Language Model (LLM) unlearning aims to erase or suppress undesirable knowledge within the model, offering promise for controlling harmful or private information to prevent misuse. However, recent studies highlight its limited…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Xiaotian Ye , Mengqi Zhang , Shu Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are revolutionizing every aspect of society. They are increasingly used in problem-solving tasks to substitute human assessment and reasoning. LLMs are trained on what humans write and are thus exposed to human…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-10-14 Fengfei Sun , Ningke Li , Kailong Wang , Lorenz Goette

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated that fine-tuning and human alignment can render LLMs harmless. In practice, such "harmlessness" behavior is mainly achieved by training models to reject harmful requests,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-25 Shengyun Si , Xinpeng Wang , Guangyao Zhai , Nassir Navab , Barbara Plank

The pervasive deployment of large language models (LLMs) in conversational AI systems has revolutionized information access, yet their propensity for generating factually unsupported or hallucinated responses remains a critical impediment…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-03 Steven Robinson , Antonio Carlos Rivera

As large language models (LLMs) are applied across diverse domains, the ability to selectively unlearn specific information is becoming increasingly essential. For instance, LLMs are expected to selectively provide confidential information…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-04 Shota Takashiro , Takeshi Kojima , Andrew Gambardella , Qi Cao , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

In modern dialogue systems, the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) has grown exponentially due to their capacity to generate diverse, relevant, and creative responses. Despite their strengths, striking a balance between the LLMs'…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-01 Chen Zhang

People often ask questions with false assumptions, a type of question that does not have regular answers. Answering such questions requires first identifying the false assumptions. Large Language Models (LLMs) often generate misleading…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-24 Zijie Wang , Eduardo Blanco

Large language models (LLMs), including ChatGPT, Bard, and Llama, have achieved remarkable successes over the last two years in a range of different applications. In spite of these successes, there exist concerns that limit the wide…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-17 Junliang Luo , Tianyu Li , Di Wu , Michael Jenkin , Steve Liu , Gregory Dudek

We investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can predict whether they will succeed on a given task and whether their predictions improve as they progress through multi-step tasks. We also investigate whether LLMs can learn from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-01 Casey O. Barkan , Sid Black , Oliver Sourbut