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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) using zeroth-order optimization (ZO) offers a memory-efficient alternative to gradient-based methods but suffers from slower convergence and unstable optimization due to noisy gradient estimates.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Jikai Long , Zijian Hu , Xiaodong Yu , Jianwen Xie , Zhaozhuo Xu

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) stand as a revolutionary advancement in the modern era of artificial intelligence (AI). However, scaling down LLMs for resource-constrained hardware, such as Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices requires…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Youpeng Zhao , Ming Lin , Huadong Tang , Qiang Wu , Jun Wang

Large-batch training has been essential in leveraging large-scale datasets and models in deep learning. While it is computationally beneficial to use large batch sizes, it often requires a specially designed learning rate (LR) schedule to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-07-14 Chiheon Kim , Saehoon Kim , Jongmin Kim , Donghoon Lee , Sungwoong Kim

To efficiently train large-scale models, low-bit gradient communication compresses full-precision gradients on local GPU nodes into low-precision ones for higher gradient synchronization efficiency among GPU nodes. However, it often…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Xingyu Xie , Zhijie Lin , Kim-Chuan Toh , Pan Zhou

The advent of the transformer has sparked a quick growth in the size of language models, far outpacing hardware improvements. (Dense) transformers are expected to reach the trillion-parameter scale in the near future, for which training…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-06-08 Joel Lamy-Poirier

With the rapid adoption of large language models (LLMs) in recommendation systems, the computational and communication bottlenecks caused by their massive parameter sizes and large data volumes have become increasingly prominent. This paper…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-06-25 Haowei Yang , Yu Tian , Zhongheng Yang , Zhao Wang , Chengrui Zhou , Dannier Li

Linear sequence modeling approaches, such as linear attention, provide advantages like linear-time training and constant-memory inference over sequence lengths. However, existing sequence parallelism (SP) methods are either not optimized…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Weigao Sun , Disen Lan , Yiran Zhong , Xiaoye Qu , Yu Cheng

Federated fine-tuning of large language models (LLMs) enables collaborative tuning across distributed clients. However, due to the large size of LLMs, local updates in federated learning (FL) may incur substantial video random-access memory…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Chuiyang Meng , Ming Tang , Vincent W. S. Wong

Deploying local AI models, such as Large Language Models (LLMs), to edge devices can substantially enhance devices' independent capabilities, alleviate the server's burden, and lower the response time. Owing to these tremendous potentials,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-04 Nobel Dhar , Bobin Deng , Md Romyull Islam , Kazi Fahim Ahmad Nasif , Liang Zhao , Kun Suo

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has become the most effective post-training approach for improving the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). In practice, because of the high demands on latency and memory, it is particularly challenging…

The efficient distributed training of Large Language Models (LLMs) is severely hampered by the extreme variance in context lengths. This data heterogeneity, amplified by conventional packing strategies and asymmetric forward-backward costs,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Yuliang Liu , Guohao Wu , Shenglong Zhang , Wei Zhang , Qianchao Zhu , Zhouyang Li , Chenyu Wang

Building ASR models across many languages is a challenging multi-task learning problem due to large variations and heavily unbalanced data. Existing work has shown positive transfer from high resource to low resource languages. However,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-09-14 Bo Li , Ruoming Pang , Tara N. Sainath , Anmol Gulati , Yu Zhang , James Qin , Parisa Haghani , W. Ronny Huang , Min Ma , Junwen Bai

Distributed training is the de facto standard to scale up the training of deep learning models with multiple GPUs. Its performance bottleneck lies in communications for gradient synchronization. Although high tensor sparsity is widely…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Zhuang Wang , Zhaozhuo Xu , Jingyi Xi , Yuke Wang , Anshumali Shrivastava , T. S. Eugene Ng

N:M structured pruning is essential for large language models (LLMs) because it can remove less important network weights and reduce the memory and computation requirements. Existing pruning methods mainly focus on designing metrics to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-17 Chi Xu , Gefei Zhang , Yantong Zhu , Luca Benini , Guosheng Hu , Yawei Li , Zhihong Zhang

The increasing complexity of deep learning recommendation models (DLRM) has led to a growing need for large-scale distributed systems that can efficiently train vast amounts of data. In DLRM, the sparse embedding table is a crucial…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-08-07 Xin Zhang , Quanyu Zhu , Liangbei Xu , Zain Huda , Wang Zhou , Jin Fang , Dennis van der Staay , Yuxi Hu , Jade Nie , Jiyan Yang , Chunzhi Yang

Large language models (LLMs) have recently achieved impressive results in speech recognition across multiple modalities, including Auditory Speech Recognition (ASR), Visual Speech Recognition (VSR), and Audio-Visual Speech Recognition…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-28 Umberto Cappellazzo , Xubo Liu , Pingchuan Ma , Stavros Petridis , Maja Pantic

In addressing the computational and memory demands of fine-tuning Large Language Models(LLMs), we propose LoRA-SP(Streamlined Partial Parameter Adaptation), a novel approach utilizing randomized half-selective parameter freezing within the…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-15 Yichao Wu , Yafei Xiang , Shuning Huo , Yulu Gong , Penghao Liang

While large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a significant advancement in artificial intelligence, the hardware and computational costs for training LLMs are also significantly burdensome. Among the state-of-the-art optimizers, AdamW…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-02-02 Yufei Gu , Zeke Xie

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) often exceeds GPU memory limits, prompting systems to offload model states to CPU memory. However, existing offloaded training frameworks like ZeRO-Offload treat all parameters equally and update the…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-08-06 Tingfeng Lan , Yusen Wu , Bin Ma , Zhaoyuan Su , Rui Yang , Tekin Bicer , Masahiro Tanaka , Olatunji Ruwase , Dong Li , Yue Cheng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced artificial intelligence by optimizing traditional Natural Language Processing (NLP) workflows, facilitating their integration into various systems. Many such NLP systems, including…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-13 Jiliang Ni , Jiachen Pu , Zhongyi Yang , Kun Zhou , Hui Wang , Xiaoliang Xiao , Dakui Wang , Xin Li , Jingfeng Luo , Conggang Hu