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The text-to-image synthesis by diffusion models has recently shown remarkable performance in generating high-quality images. Although performs well for simple texts, the models may get confused when faced with complex texts that contain…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-01-15 Chang Yu , Junran Peng , Xiangyu Zhu , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Qi Tian , Zhen Lei

Virtual Labs offer valuable opportunities for hands-on, inquiry-based science learning, yet teachers often struggle to adapt them to fit their instructional goals. Third-party materials may not align with classroom needs, and developing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 R. Alexander Knipper , Indrani Dey , Souvika Sarkar , Hari Narayanan , Sadhana Puntambekar , Santu Karmaker

Background: Over the past few decades, the process and methodology of automated question generation (AQG) have undergone significant transformations. Recent progress in generative natural language models has opened up new potential in the…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Dominic Lohr , Marc Berges , Abhishek Chugh , Michael Kohlhase , Dennis Müller

Evaluating the quality of automatically generated question items has been a long standing challenge. In this paper, we leverage LLMs to simulate student profiles and generate responses to multiple-choice questions (MCQs). The generative…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Xinyi Lu , Xu Wang

Large language models (LLMs) can be used as accessible and intelligent chatbots by constructing natural language queries and directly inputting the prompt into the large language model. However, different prompt' constructions often lead to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Jinta Weng , Jiarui Zhang , Yue Hu , Daidong Fa , Xiaofeng Xuand , Heyan Huang

The active research topic of prompt engineering makes it evident that LLMs are sensitive to small changes in prompt wording. A portion of this can be ascribed to the inductive bias that is present in the LLM. By using an LLM's output as a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Christian M. Angel , Francis Ferraro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown prominent performance in various downstream tasks and prompt engineering plays a pivotal role in optimizing LLMs' performance. This paper, not only as an overview of current prompt engineering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-18 Haochen Li , Jonathan Leung , Zhiqi Shen

Digital technologies are increasingly used in education to reduce the workload of teachers and students. However, creating open-ended study or examination questions and grading their answers is still a tedious task. This thesis presents the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Gérôme Meyer , Philip Breuer

Text entry is an essential task in our day-to-day digital interactions. Numerous intelligent features have been developed to streamline this process, making text entry more effective, efficient, and fluid. These improvements include…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Junxiao Shen , John J. Dudley , Jingyao Zheng , Bill Byrne , Per Ola Kristensson

Users frequently ask simple factoid questions for question answering (QA) systems, attenuating the impact of myriad recent works that support more complex questions. Prompting users with automatically generated suggested questions (SQs) can…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-08-06 Xusen Yin , Li Zhou , Kevin Small , Jonathan May

Recent advancements in transformer-based models have greatly improved the ability of Question Answering (QA) systems to provide correct answers; in particular, answer sentence selection (AS2) models, core components of retrieval-based…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-06-03 Chao-Chun Hsu , Eric Lind , Luca Soldaini , Alessandro Moschitti

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable success across a wide range of natural language generation tasks, where proper prompt designs make great impacts. While existing prompting methods are normally restricted to providing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-06-01 Bei Li , Rui Wang , Junliang Guo , Kaitao Song , Xu Tan , Hany Hassan , Arul Menezes , Tong Xiao , Jiang Bian , JingBo Zhu

Question Answering (QA) is a longstanding challenge in natural language processing. Existing QA works mostly focus on specific question types, knowledge domains, or reasoning skills. The specialty in QA research hinders systems from…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-12 Wanjun Zhong , Yifan Gao , Ning Ding , Yujia Qin , Zhiyuan Liu , Ming Zhou , Jiahai Wang , Jian Yin , Nan Duan

This study investigates the reliability of code generation by Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on identifying and analyzing defects in the generated code. Despite the advanced capabilities of LLMs in automating code generation,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Ali Mohammadi Esfahani , Nafiseh Kahani , Samuel A. Ajila

The task of Question Generation over Knowledge Bases (KBQG) aims to convert a logical form into a natural language question. For the sake of expensive cost of large-scale question annotation, the methods of KBQG under low-resource scenarios…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-24 Yuanyuan Liang , Jianing Wang , Hanlun Zhu , Lei Wang , Weining Qian , Yunshi Lan

Large language Models (LLMs) are highly sensitive to variations in prompt formulation, which can significantly impact their ability to generate accurate responses. In this paper, we introduce a new task, Prompt Sensitivity Prediction, and a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Amirhossein Razavi , Mina Soltangheis , Negar Arabzadeh , Sara Salamat , Morteza Zihayat , Ebrahim Bagheri

Asking good questions is critical for comprehension and learning, yet evaluating and generating such questions remains a challenging problem. Prior work on inquisitive questions focuses on learner-generated, curiosity-driven queries and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-08 Dong-Ho Lee , Hyundong Cho , Jonathan May , Jay Pujara

Recent approaches to question generation have used modifications to a Seq2Seq architecture inspired by advances in machine translation. Models are trained using teacher forcing to optimise only the one-step-ahead prediction. However, at…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2019-06-04 Tom Hosking , Sebastian Riedel

This study explores automatic generation (AIG) using language models to create multiple choice questions (MCQs) for morphological assessment, aiming to reduce the cost and inconsistency of manual test development. The study used a two-fold…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Mohammad Amini , Babak Ahmadi , Xiaomeng Xiong , Yilin Zhang , Christopher Qiao

Text-to-image generative models are a new and powerful way to generate visual artwork. However, the open-ended nature of text as interaction is double-edged; while users can input anything and have access to an infinite range of…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2023-09-29 Vivian Liu , Lydia B. Chilton