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Large language models pretrained on extensive web corpora demonstrate remarkable performance across a wide range of downstream tasks. However, a growing concern is data contamination, where evaluation datasets may be contained in the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-12 Medha Palavalli , Amanda Bertsch , Matthew R. Gormley

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant progress in various areas, such as text generation and code synthesis. However, the reliability of performance evaluation has come under scrutiny due to data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-06 Yuxing Cheng , Yi Chang , Yuan Wu

Benchmark contamination refers to the presence of test datasets in Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training or post-training data. Contamination can lead to inflated scores on benchmarks, compromising evaluation results and making it…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Sanchit Ahuja , Varun Gumma , Sunayana Sitaram

The opacity in developing large language models (LLMs) is raising growing concerns about the potential contamination of public benchmarks in the pre-training data. Existing contamination detection methods are typically based on the text…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-31 Feng Yao , Yufan Zhuang , Zihao Sun , Sunan Xu , Animesh Kumar , Jingbo Shang

The pursuit of leaderboard rankings in Large Language Models (LLMs) has created a fundamental paradox: models excel at standardized tests while failing to demonstrate genuine language understanding and adaptability. Our systematic analysis…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-06 Sourav Banerjee , Ayushi Agarwal , Eishkaran Singh

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly exposed to data contamination, i.e., performance gains driven by prior exposure of test datasets rather than generalization. However, in the context of tabular data, this problem is largely…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Matteo Silvestri , Fabiano Veglianti , Flavio Giorgi , Fabrizio Silvestri , Gabriele Tolomei

With the rise of Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years, abundant new opportunities are emerging, but also new challenges, among which contamination is quickly becoming critical. Business applications and fundraising in Artificial…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-07-11 Mathieu Ravaut , Bosheng Ding , Fangkai Jiao , Hailin Chen , Xingxuan Li , Ruochen Zhao , Chengwei Qin , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Recent observations have underscored a disparity between the inflated benchmark scores and the actual performance of LLMs, raising concerns about potential contamination of evaluation benchmarks. This issue is especially critical for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-05 Chunyuan Deng , Yilun Zhao , Xiangru Tang , Mark Gerstein , Arman Cohan

Data contamination -- the accidental consumption of evaluation examples within the pre-training data -- can undermine the validity of evaluation benchmarks. In this paper, we present a rigorous analysis of the effects of contamination on…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-03 Muhammed Yusuf Kocyigit , Eleftheria Briakou , Daniel Deutsch , Jiaming Luo , Colin Cherry , Markus Freitag

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) like GPT-4, Claude-3, and Gemini has transformed the field of natural language processing. However, it has also resulted in a significant issue known as Benchmark Data Contamination…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Cheng Xu , Shuhao Guan , Derek Greene , M-Tahar Kechadi

Data contamination, i.e., the presence of test data from downstream tasks in the training data of large language models (LLMs), is a potential major issue in measuring LLMs' real effectiveness on other tasks. We propose a straightforward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-23 Shahriar Golchin , Mihai Surdeanu

While large language models have achieved remarkable performance on various code generation benchmarks, there have been growing concerns regarding potential contamination of these benchmarks as they may be leaked into pretraining and…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Martin Riddell , Ansong Ni , Arman Cohan

Hampering the interpretation of benchmark scores, evaluation data contamination has become a growing concern in the evaluation of LLMs, and an active area of research studies its effects. While evaluation data contamination is easily…

The rapid advancement of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has significantly enhanced performance across benchmarks. However, data contamination-unintentional memorization of benchmark data during model training-poses critical…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Dingjie Song , Sicheng Lai , Mingxuan Wang , Shunian Chen , Lichao Sun , Benyou Wang

Recent claims about the impressive abilities of large language models (LLMs) are often supported by evaluating publicly available benchmarks. Since LLMs train on wide swaths of the internet, this practice raises concerns of data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Manley Roberts , Himanshu Thakur , Christine Herlihy , Colin White , Samuel Dooley

Public benchmarks play an essential role in the evaluation of large language models. However, data contamination can lead to inflated performance, rendering them unreliable for model comparison. It is therefore crucial to detect…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-28 Jasper Dekoninck , Mark Niklas Müller , Martin Vechev

Data contamination has received increasing attention in the era of large language models (LLMs) due to their reliance on vast Internet-derived training corpora. To mitigate the risk of potential data contamination, LLM benchmarking has…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Simin Chen , Yiming Chen , Zexin Li , Yifan Jiang , Zhongwei Wan , Yixin He , Dezhi Ran , Tianle Gu , Haizhou Li , Tao Xie , Baishakhi Ray

Recent work suggests that large language models (LLMs) can improve performance of speech tasks compared to existing systems. To support their claims, results on LibriSpeech and Common Voice are often quoted. However, this work finds that a…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-06 Yuan Tseng , Titouan Parcollet , Rogier van Dalen , Shucong Zhang , Sourav Bhattacharya

NLP benchmarks rely on standardized datasets for training and evaluating models and are crucial for advancing the field. Traditionally, expert annotations ensure high-quality labels; however, the cost of expert annotation does not scale…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-15 Omer Nahum , Nitay Calderon , Orgad Keller , Idan Szpektor , Roi Reichart

Publishing a large language model (LLM) benchmark on the Internet risks contaminating future LLMs: the benchmark may be unintentionally (or intentionally) used to train or select a model. A common mitigation is to keep the benchmark private…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Takashi Ishida , Thanawat Lodkaew , Ikko Yamane
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