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Fine-tuning large language models (LLM) can be costly. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) addresses the problems by training a fraction of the parameters, whose success reveals the expressiveness and flexibility of pretrained models.…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-07 Jing Xu , Jingzhao Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities to generate accurate code snippets given natural language intents in a zero-shot manner, i.e., without the need for specific fine-tuning. While prior studies have highlighted…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Martin Weyssow , Xin Zhou , Kisub Kim , David Lo , Houari Sahraoui

Despite the impressive zero-shot capabilities of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), they often struggle in downstream tasks with distribution shifts from the pre-training data. Few-Shot Adaptation (FSA-VLM) has emerged as a key solution,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-22 SuBeen Lee , GilHan Park , WonJun Moon , Hyun Seok Seong , Jae-Pil Heo

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods are widely used to adapt large language models (LLMs) to downstream tasks and are often assumed to improve factual correctness. However, how the parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods affect…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Xu Hu , Yifan Zhang , Songtao Wei , Chen Zhao , Qiannan Li , Bingzhe Li , Feng Chen

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) using labeled task data can significantly improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) on the downstream task. However, there are 7000 languages in the world and many of these languages lack…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-14 Alexandra Chronopoulou , Jonas Pfeiffer , Joshua Maynez , Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Priyanka Agrawal

The success of large language models (LLMs), like GPT-4 and ChatGPT, has led to the development of numerous cost-effective and accessible alternatives that are created by finetuning open-access LLMs with task-specific data (e.g.,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-10 Zhiqiang Hu , Lei Wang , Yihuai Lan , Wanyu Xu , Ee-Peng Lim , Lidong Bing , Xing Xu , Soujanya Poria , Roy Ka-Wei Lee

The NLI4CT task assesses Natural Language Inference systems in predicting whether hypotheses entail or contradict evidence from Clinical Trial Reports. In this study, we evaluate various Large Language Models (LLMs) with multiple…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Aryo Pradipta Gema , Giwon Hong , Pasquale Minervini , Luke Daines , Beatrice Alex

Over-prompting, a phenomenon where excessive examples in prompts lead to diminished performance in Large Language Models (LLMs), challenges the conventional wisdom about in-context few-shot learning. To investigate this few-shot dilemma, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-17 Yongjian Tang , Doruk Tuncel , Christian Koerner , Thomas Runkler

Despite being widely applied due to their exceptional capabilities, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been proven to be vulnerable to backdoor attacks. These attacks introduce targeted vulnerabilities into LLMs by poisoning training samples…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-07-10 Shuai Zhao , Leilei Gan , Zhongliang Guo , Xiaobao Wu , Yanhao Jia , Luwei Xiao , Cong-Duy Nguyen , Luu Anh Tuan

Large language models (LLMs) are effective for automated program repair, but plausible patches that pass the full test suite often rewrite more code than necessary, increasing review and maintenance costs. This over-editing is common…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2026-04-07 Boyang Yang , Zijian Cai , Shunfu Jin , Haoye Tian

Few-shot learning-the ability to train models with access to limited data-has become increasingly popular in the natural language processing (NLP) domain, as large language models such as GPT and T0 have been empirically shown to achieve…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-06-16 Robert Kraig Helmeczi , Mucahit Cevik , Savas Yıldırım

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) can be accurately fine-tuned for downstream text processing tasks. Recently, researchers have introduced several parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods that optimize input prompts or adjust a small number…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-07 Saeed Najafi , Alona Fyshe

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) aims to adapt pre-trained models to specific tasks using relatively small and domain-specific datasets. Among Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Yarui Cao , Kai Liu

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) often causes overfitting to specific prompt wording, where minor phrasing variations drastically reduce performance. To address this, we propose Prompt-Agnostic Fine-Tuning (PAFT), a method that…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-20 Chenxing Wei , Yao Shu , Mingwen Ou , Ying Tiffany He , Fei Richard Yu

Smaller LLMs still face significant challenges even in medium-resourced languages, particularly when it comes to language-specific knowledge -- a problem not easily resolved with machine-translated data. In this case study on Icelandic, we…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-18 Jenny Kunz

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized natural language processing (NLP) and related fields. However, fine-tuning these models for specific tasks remains computationally expensive and risks degrading…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-17 Md Kowsher , Nusrat Jahan Prottasha , Prakash Bhat

Few-shot fine-tuning and in-context learning are two alternative strategies for task adaptation of pre-trained language models. Recently, in-context learning has gained popularity over fine-tuning due to its simplicity and improved…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-31 Marius Mosbach , Tiago Pimentel , Shauli Ravfogel , Dietrich Klakow , Yanai Elazar

Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) on downstream tasks requires substantial computational resources. Selective PEFT, a class of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methodologies, aims to mitigate these computational challenges by…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-24 Aradhye Agarwal , Suhas K Ramesh , Ayan Sengupta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Adapting deep learning models to new domains often requires computationally intensive retraining and risks catastrophic forgetting. While fine-tuning enables domain-specific adaptation, it can reduce robustness to distribution shifts,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-01-28 Reza Akbarian Bafghi , Carden Bagwell , Avinash Ravichandran , Ashish Shrivastava , Maziar Raissi

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capability in different tasks and are bringing transformative changes to many domains. However, keeping the knowledge in LLMs up-to-date remains a challenge once pretraining is…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-24 Xiou Ge , Ali Mousavi , Edouard Grave , Armand Joulin , Kun Qian , Benjamin Han , Mostafa Arefiyan , Yunyao Li