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Distributed Generation (DG) is an effective way of integrating renewable energy sources to conventional power grid, which improves the reliability and efficiency of power systems. Photovoltaic (PV) systems are ideal DGs thanks to their…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2017-09-28 Zhehan Yi , Wanxin Dong , Amir H. Etemadi

Deviations of grid frequency from the nominal frequency are an indicator of the global imbalance between genera- tion and load. Two types of control, a distributed propor- tional control and a centralized integral control, are cur- rently…

系统与控制 · 计算机科学 2012-11-20 Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Michael Chertkov , Scott Backhaus

Fluctuating wind energy makes a stable grid operation challenging. Due to the direct contact with atmospheric turbulence, intermittent short-term variations in the wind speed are converted to power fluctuations that cause transient…

数据分析、统计与概率 · 物理学 2018-03-29 Hauke Haehne , Jannik Schottler , Matthias Waechter , Joachim Peinke , Oliver Kamps

Modern low-carbon power systems come with many challenges, such as increased inverter penetration and increased uncertainty from renewable sources and loads. In this context, the microgrid concept is a promising approach, which is based on…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-19 E. D. Gomez Anccas , C. A. Hans , D. Schulz

This article introduces two control frameworks: one for Grid-Following (GFL) inverters aiding Grid-Forming (GFM) inverters in voltage regulation during large contingency events and optimizing power transactions under normal conditions; and…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-03-25 Jaesang Park , Alireza Askarian , Srinivasa Salapaka

As the penetration level of distributed energy resources (DERs) continues to rise, traditional frequency and voltage support from synchronous machines declines. This weakens grid stability and increases the need for fast and adaptive…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-03-06 Yan Tong , Qin Wang , Sihao Chen , Xue Hu , Zhaoyuan Wu

We present a novel, integrated control framework designed to achieve seamless transitions among a spectrum of inverter operation modes. The operation spectrum includes grid-forming (GFM), grid-following (GFL), static synchronous compensator…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-10-14 Alireza Askarian , Jaesang Park , Srinivasa Salapaka

Islanded microgrids powered by renewable energy require costly energy storage systems due to the uncontrollable generators. Energy storage needs are amplified when load and generation are misaligned on hourly, monthly, or seasonal…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-02-11 Jonathan Cohen , Michael Kane , Alexia Marriott , Franklin Ollivierre , Krissy Govertsen

Grid-forming, particularly those utilizing droop control and virtual synchronous generators (VSG), can actively regulate the frequency and voltage of microgrid systems, exhibiting dynamic characteristics akin to those of synchronous…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-13 Yan Tong , Qin Wang , Aihong Tang

The decarbonization of the energy sector has led to a significant high penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs), particularly photovoltaic (PV) systems, in low-voltage (LV) distribution networks. To maintain grid stability, recent…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-05 S. Gokul Krishnan , Mohd. Asim Aftab , Nabil Mohammed , Shehab Ahmed , Charalambos Konstantinou

Solar photovoltaic (PV) generation is growing rapidly around the world. However, PV generation, based on inverter, is fundamentally different from conventional synchronous generators. It is of vital importance to understand the impacts of…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-04-23 Xuemeng Zhang , Shutang You , Yong Liu , Yilu Liu

Voltage and frequency control in an islanded AC microgrid (ImGs) amount to stabilizing an a priori unknown ImG equilibrium induced by loads and changes in topology. This paper puts forth a unified control framework which, while guaranteeing…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-04-07 Felix Strehle , Pulkit Nahata , Albertus Johannes Malan , Sören Hohmann , Giancarlo Ferrari-Trecate

Massive integration of power electronic devices with multiple control schemes in a wide frequency range pose new challenges regarding systems stability and reliability. Interactions between the fast control loops or between the fast control…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-04-10 Georgia Saridaki , Alexandros G. Paspatis , Panos Kotsampopoulos , Nikos Hatziargyriou

Power grid primary frequency response will be significantly impaired by Photovoltaic (PV) penetration increase because of the decrease in inertia and governor response. PV inertia and governor emulation requires reserving PV output and…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-03-17 Shutang You

In this paper a novel approach to load frequency control of a microgrid with integrated Solar PV and Solar thermal generator is presented. A nonlinear adaptive controller based on an autoregressive moving average algorithm (NARMA) is used…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-04-14 Sambit Dash

This paper investigates the design and analysis of a novel grid-forming (GFM) control method for grid-connected converters (GCCs). The core novelty lies in a virtual flux observer-based synchronization and load angle control method. The…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-01-26 Xueqing Gao , Jun Zhang , Tao Li , Mingming Zhang

Many countries' policies have shifted rapidly towards using renewable energy for climate reasons. As a result, inverter-based resources are beginning to dominate power systems. Key elements for managing the loss of conventional generators…

系统与控制 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-06-24 Waleed Breesam , Stefan M. Goetz

New connection constraints for the power network (Grid Codes) require more flexible and reliable systems, with robust solutions to cope with uncertainties and intermittence from renewable energy sources (renewables), such as photovoltaic…

Motivated by the recent and growing interest in smart grid technology, we study the operation of DC/AC inverters in an inductive microgrid. We show that a network of loads and DC/AC inverters equipped with power-frequency droop controllers…

最优化与控制 · 数学 2017-09-21 John W. Simpson-Porco , Florian Dörfler , Francesco Bullo

In this paper, we present the virtual prototyping of a solar array with a grid-tie implemented as a distributed inverter and controlled using distributed algorithms. Due to the distributed control and inherent redundancy in the array…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2014-04-09 Luan Viet Nguyen , Taylor T. Johnson