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We present a new supervised architecture termed Mediated Mixture-of-Experts (MMoE) that allows us to improve classification accuracy of Deep Convolutional Networks (DCN). Our architecture achieves this with the help of expert networks: A…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2015-11-20 Sebastian Agethen , Winston H. Hsu

Recently, Mixture of Experts (MoE) based Transformer has shown promising results in many domains. This is largely due to the following advantages of this architecture: firstly, MoE based Transformer can increase model capacity without…

声音 · 计算机科学 2021-05-10 Zhao You , Shulin Feng , Dan Su , Dong Yu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) language models dramatically expand model capacity and achieve remarkable performance without increasing per-token compute. However, can MoEs surpass dense architectures under strictly equal resource constraints --…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Houyi Li , Ka Man Lo , Shijie Xuyang , Ziqi Wang , Wenzhen Zheng , Haocheng Zhang , Zhao Li , Shuigeng Zhou , Xiangyu Zhang , Daxin Jiang

Channel estimation is essential to massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. While recent generative model-based approaches using lightweight diffusion models (DMs) have achieved superior performance, they typically rely on a…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-19 Zhuorui Jiang , Jun Fang , Boyu Ning , Hongbin Li , Ying-Chang Liang

Transformers are the mainstream of NLP applications and are becoming increasingly popular in other domains such as Computer Vision. Despite the improvements in model quality, the enormous computation costs make Transformers difficult at…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-10-22 Liu Liu , Zheng Qu , Zhaodong Chen , Yufei Ding , Yuan Xie

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) has garnered significant attention for its ability to scale up neural networks while utilizing the same or even fewer active parameters. However, MoE does not alleviate the massive memory requirements of networks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Mingyu Cao , Gen Li , Jie Ji , Jiaqi Zhang , Ajay Jaiswal , Li Shen , Xiaolong Ma , Shiwei Liu , Lu Yin

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture reduces the training and inference cost significantly compared to a dense model of equivalent capacity. Upcycling is an approach that initializes and trains an MoE model using a pre-trained dense…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-03-18 Taishi Nakamura , Takuya Akiba , Kazuki Fujii , Yusuke Oda , Rio Yokota , Jun Suzuki

It is widely acknowledged that the performance of Transformer models is logarithmically related to their number of parameters and computational complexity. While approaches like Mixture of Experts (MoE) decouple parameter count from…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-07 Zihao Huang , Qiyang Min , Hongzhi Huang , Defa Zhu , Yutao Zeng , Ran Guo , Xun Zhou

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models deliver high quality at low training FLOPs, but this efficiency often vanishes at inference. We identify a double penalty that structurally disadvantages MoE architectures during decoding: first, expert…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-11 Vignesh Adhinarayanan , Nuwan Jayasena

Sparse Mixture of Experts (MoE) architectures have emerged as a promising approach for scaling Transformer models. While initial works primarily incorporated MoE into feed-forward network (FFN) layers, recent studies have explored extending…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-24 Yuanhang Yang , Chaozheng Wang , Jing Li

A pivotal advancement in the progress of large language models (LLMs) is the emergence of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) LLMs. Compared to traditional LLMs, MoE LLMs can achieve higher performance with fewer parameters, but it is still hard…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-05-31 Xudong Lu , Qi Liu , Yuhui Xu , Aojun Zhou , Siyuan Huang , Bo Zhang , Junchi Yan , Hongsheng Li

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has become a fundamental building block in state-of-the-art large language models (LLMs), improving domain-specific expertise in LLMs and scaling model capacity without proportionally increasing…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Ankit Jyothish , Ali Jannesari , Aishwarya Sarkar , Joseph Zuber

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are crucial for scaling model capacity while controlling inference costs. While integrating MoE into multimodal models like CLIP improves performance, training these models is notoriously challenging and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-05-27 Xinze Wang , Chen Chen , Yinfei Yang , Hong-You Chen , Bowen Zhang , Aditya Pal , Xiangxin Zhu , Xianzhi Du

This paper systematically diagnoses the training failure modes of Token-Choice sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) on video Diffusion Transformers. Starting from a pretrained dense model of about 5 billion parameters, we convert it into an MoE…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-20 Haiying Sha

Sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are widely adopted to scale up model capacity without increasing the computation budget. However, vanilla TopK routers are trained in a discontinuous, non-differentiable way, limiting their…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-28 Ziteng Wang , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen

The Mixture of Experts (MoE) models are an emerging class of sparsely activated deep learning models that have sublinear compute costs with respect to their parameters. In contrast with dense models, the sparse architecture of MoE offers…

How to reduce compute and memory requirements of neural networks (NNs) without sacrificing performance? Many recent works use sparse Mixtures of Experts (MoEs) to build resource-efficient large language models (LMs). Here we introduce…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-22 Róbert Csordás , Kazuki Irie , Jürgen Schmidhuber

Sparse Mixture of Experts (SMoE) has emerged as a key to achieving unprecedented scalability in deep learning. By activating only a small subset of parameters per sample, SMoE achieves an exponential increase in parameter counts while…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Tam Nguyen , Ngoc N. Tran , Khai Nguyen , Richard G. Baraniuk

Large language models (LLMs) with the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture achieve high cost-efficiency by selectively activating a subset of the parameters. Despite the inference efficiency of MoE LLMs, the training of extensive experts…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-12 Yuchen Feng , Bowen Shen , Naibin Gu , Jiaxuan Zhao , Peng Fu , Zheng Lin , Weiping Wang

Reliable channel estimation (CE) is fundamental for robust communication in dynamic wireless environments, where models must generalize across varying conditions such as signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), the number of resource blocks (RBs),…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-09-22 Tianyu Li , Yan Xin , Jianzhong , Zhang