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This paper studies how multimodal large language models (MLLMs) undermine the security guarantees of visual CAPTCHA. We identify the attack surface where an adversary can cheaply automate CAPTCHA solving using off-the-shelf models. We…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Junyu Wang , Changjia Zhu , Yuanbo Zhou , Lingyao Li , Xu He , Mingkui Wei , Junjie Xiong

Credit card fraud detection (CCFD) is a critical application of Machine Learning (ML) in the financial sector, where accurately identifying fraudulent transactions is essential for mitigating financial losses. ML models have demonstrated…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-21 Jan Lum Fok , Qingwen Zeng , Shiping Chen , Oscar Fawkes , Huaming Chen

Recent years have seen a proliferation of research on adversarial machine learning. Numerous papers demonstrate powerful algorithmic attacks against a wide variety of machine learning (ML) models, and numerous other papers propose defenses…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-01-02 Giovanni Apruzzese , Hyrum S. Anderson , Savino Dambra , David Freeman , Fabio Pierazzi , Kevin A. Roundy

In the context of cybersecurity of modern communications networks, Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) have been continuously improved, many of them incorporating machine learning (ML) techniques to identify threats. Although there are…

Malicious advertisement URLs pose a security risk since they are the source of cyber-attacks, and the need to address this issue is growing in both industry and academia. Generally, the attacker delivers an attack vector to the user by…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-04-29 Ehsan Nowroozi , Abhishek , Mohammadreza Mohammadi , Mauro Conti

Amidst rising concerns about the internet being proliferated with content generated from language models (LMs), watermarking is seen as a principled way to certify whether text was generated from a model. Many recent watermarking techniques…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-11 Saksham Rastogi , Danish Pruthi

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications where the model selects from competing third-party content, such as in LLM-powered search engines or chatbot plugins. In this paper, we introduce Preference Manipulation…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-07-03 Fredrik Nestaas , Edoardo Debenedetti , Florian Tramèr

Adversarial extraction attacks constitute an insidious threat against Deep Learning (DL) models in-which an adversary aims to steal the architecture, parameters, and hyper-parameters of a targeted DL model. Existing extraction attack…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-02-01 William Hackett , Stefan Trawicki , Zhengxin Yu , Neeraj Suri , Peter Garraghan

Backdoor attacks pose a significant threat to deep neural networks, particularly as recent advancements have led to increasingly subtle implantation, making the defense more challenging. Existing defense mechanisms typically rely on an…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-19 Yukai Xu , Yujie Gu , Kouichi Sakurai

Automated fact-checking (AFC) systems are susceptible to adversarial attacks, enabling false claims to evade detection. Existing adversarial frameworks typically rely on injecting noise or altering semantics, yet no existing framework…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-26 João A. Leite , Olesya Razuvayevskaya , Kalina Bontcheva , Carolina Scarton

Phishing attacks are increasingly prevalent, with adversaries creating deceptive webpages to steal sensitive information. Despite advancements in machine learning and deep learning for phishing detection, attackers constantly develop new…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-09-11 Duddu Hriday , Aditya Kulkarni , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

Large language models(LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on many natural language processing(NLP) tasks and have been employed in phishing email detection research. However, in current studies, well-performing LLMs typically…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-06 Zijie Lin , Zikang Liu , Hanbo Fan

Phishing attacks have inflicted substantial losses on individuals and businesses alike, necessitating the development of robust and efficient automated phishing detection approaches. Reference-based phishing detectors (RBPDs), which compare…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-18 Yuexin Li , Chengyu Huang , Shumin Deng , Mei Lin Lock , Tri Cao , Nay Oo , Hoon Wei Lim , Bryan Hooi

As large language models are increasingly deployed in sensitive environments, fingerprinting attacks pose significant privacy and security risks. We present a study of LLM fingerprinting from both offensive and defensive perspectives. Our…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-13 Kevin Kurian , Ethan Holland , Sean Oesch

Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) enhanced with Machine Learning (ML) have demonstrated the capacity to efficiently build a prototype of "normal" cyber behaviors in order to detect cyber threats' activity with greater accuracy than…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-04-23 Vance Wong , John Emanuello

Web traffic has evolved to include both human users and automated agents, ranging from benign web crawlers to adversarial scanners such as those capable of credential stuffing, command injection, and account hijacking at the web scale. The…

The rapid evolution of malware attacks calls for the development of innovative detection methods, especially in resource-constrained edge computing. Traditional detection techniques struggle to keep up with modern malware's sophistication…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-03-07 Christian Rondanini , Barbara Carminati , Elena Ferrari , Antonio Gaudiano , Ashish Kundu

The evaluation of robustness against adversarial manipulation of neural networks-based classifiers is mainly tested with empirical attacks as methods for the exact computation, even when available, do not scale to large networks. We propose…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-07-21 Francesco Croce , Matthias Hein

Recent work has shown that adversarial Windows malware samples - referred to as adversarial EXEmples in this paper - can bypass machine learning-based detection relying on static code analysis by perturbing relatively few input bytes. To…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-06-29 Luca Demetrio , Scott E. Coull , Battista Biggio , Giovanni Lagorio , Alessandro Armando , Fabio Roli

The challenge of WAD (web attack detection) is growing as hackers continuously refine their methods to evade traditional detection. Deep learning models excel in handling complex unknown attacks due to their strong generalization and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-06-19 Lijia Shi , Shihao Dong