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Fine-tuning large language models (LLMs) has achieved remarkable success across various NLP tasks, but the substantial memory overhead during backpropagation remains a critical bottleneck, especially as model scales grow. Zeroth-order (ZO)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-09 Feihu Jin , Shipeng Cen , Ying Tan

In recent years, the growing interest in Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced prompt engineering, transitioning from manual design to model-based optimization. Prompts for LLMs generally comprise two components: the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-09 Qinhao Zhou , Xiang Xiang , Kun He , John E. Hopcroft

Recent advances have shown that optimizing prompts for Large Language Models (LLMs) can significantly improve task performance, yet many optimization techniques rely on heuristics or manual exploration. We present LatentPrompt, a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Mateusz Bystroński , Grzegorz Piotrowski , Nitesh V. Chawla , Tomasz Kajdanowicz

Modern optimization in experimental chemistry employs algorithmic search through black-box parameter spaces. Here we demonstrate that pre-trained knowledge in large language models (LLMs) fundamentally changes this paradigm. Using six fully…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Robert MacKnight , Jose Emilio Regio , Jeffrey G. Ethier , Luke A. Baldwin , Gabe Gomes

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across diverse domains, due to their strong instruction-following capabilities. This has led to increasing interest in optimizing instructions for black-box LLMs, whose internal…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-31 Jaewon Chu , Seunghun Lee , Hyunwoo J. Kim

This paper presents AutoHint, a novel framework for automatic prompt engineering and optimization for Large Language Models (LLM). While LLMs have demonstrated remarkable ability in achieving high-quality annotation in various tasks, the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-08-10 Hong Sun , Xue Li , Yinchuan Xu , Youkow Homma , Qi Cao , Min Wu , Jian Jiao , Denis Charles

Query optimization is essential for efficient SQL query execution in DBMS, and remains attractive over time due to the growth of data volumes and advances in hardware. Existing traditional optimizers struggle with the cumbersome hand-tuning…

数据库 · 计算机科学 2025-07-08 Suchen Liu , Jun Gao , Yinjun Han , Yang Lin

Bayesian optimization (BO) is a powerful approach for optimizing complex and expensive-to-evaluate black-box functions. Its importance is underscored in many applications, notably including hyperparameter tuning, but its efficacy depends on…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-11 Tennison Liu , Nicolás Astorga , Nabeel Seedat , Mihaela van der Schaar

Lightweight Large Language Models (LwLLMs) are reduced-parameter, optimized models designed to run efficiently on consumer-grade hardware, offering significant advantages in resource efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and data privacy.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-10 Hongming Yang , Shi Lin , Jun Shao , Changting Lin , Donghai Zhu , Meng Han , Qinglei Kong

The rapid advancement in large language models (LLMs) has brought forth a diverse range of models with varying capabilities that excel in different tasks and domains. However, selecting the optimal LLM for user queries often involves a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-02-06 Yang Li

Instruction Tuning (IT) has been proven to be an effective approach to unlock the powerful capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent studies indicate that excessive IT data can degrade LLMs performance, while carefully selecting…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-16 Xin Chen , Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Zeyu Wu , Min Yang , Shujian Huang , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

Transformer-based language models, though not explicitly trained to mimic brain recordings, have demonstrated surprising alignment with brain activity. Progress in these models-through increased size, instruction-tuning, and…

In this work, we introduce instruction finetuning for Neural Machine Translation (NMT) models, which distills instruction following capabilities from Large Language Models (LLMs) into orders-of-magnitude smaller NMT models. Our…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-10 Vikas Raunak , Roman Grundkiewicz , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt

Bayesian optimization (BO), which uses a Gaussian process (GP) as a surrogate to model its objective function, is popular for black-box optimization. However, due to the limitations of GPs, BO underperforms in some problems such as those…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-10-14 Zhongxiang Dai , Yao Shu , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low , Patrick Jaillet

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved great success in many real-world applications, especially the one serving as the cognitive backbone of Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to orchestrate complex workflows in practice. Since many deployment…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-03-04 Zhi Hong , Qian Zhang , Jiahang Sun , Zhiwei Shang , Mingze Kong , Xiangyi Wang , Yao Shu , Zhongxiang Dai

Contextual bandits are widely-used in the study of learning-based control policies for finite action spaces. While the problem is well-studied for bandits with perfectly observed context vectors, little is known about the case of…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-02-03 Hongju Park , Mohamad Kazem Shirani Faradonbeh

Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly those similar to ChatGPT, have significantly influenced the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP). While these models excel in general language tasks, their performance in domain-specific…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-01-02 Omid Rohanian , Mohammadmahdi Nouriborji , David A. Clifton

Mastering a skill generally relies on both hands-on experience from doers and insightful, high-level guidance by mentors. Will this strategy also work well for solving complex non-convex optimization problems? Here, a common gradient-based…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-05 Zixian Guo , Ming Liu , Zhilong Ji , Jinfeng Bai , Yiwen Guo , Wangmeng Zuo

We present substantial evidence demonstrating the benefits of integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) with a Contextual Multi-Armed Bandit framework. Contextual bandits have been widely used in recommendation systems to generate…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-10-30 Parand A. Alamdari , Yanshuai Cao , Kevin H. Wilson

Prompt engineering, as an efficient and effective way to leverage Large Language Models (LLM), has drawn a lot of attention from the research community. The existing research primarily emphasizes the importance of adapting prompts to…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-07-08 Yuyan Chen , Zhihao Wen , Ge Fan , Zhengyu Chen , Wei Wu , Dayiheng Liu , Zhixu Li , Bang Liu , Yanghua Xiao