相关论文: Measuring the quantum state of photoelectrons
We propose a continuous variable quantum state tomography protocol of electrons which result from the ionization of atoms or molecules by the absorption of extreme ultraviolet light pulses. Our protocol is benchmarked against a direct…
When an atom or molecule absorbs a high-energy photon, an electron is emitted with a well-defined energy and a highly-symmetric angular distribution, ruled by energy quantization and parity conservation. These rules seemingly break down…
In a two level atom, real-time quantum state holography is performed through interferences between quantum states created by a reference pulse and a chirped pulse resulting in coherent transients. A sequence of several measurements allows…
The determination of the quantum properties of a single mode radiation field by heterodyne or double homodyne detection is studied. The realistic case of not fully efficient photodetectors is considered. It is shown that a large amount of…
Quantum state tomography is a technique in quantum information science used to reconstruct the density matrix of an unknown quantum state, providing complete information about the quantum state. It is of significant importance in fields…
We review experimental work on the measurement of the quantum state of optical fields, and the relevant theoretical background. The basic technique of optical homodyne tomography is described with particular attention paid to the role…
The quantum theory of electromagnetic radiation predicts characteristic statistical fluctuations for light sources as diverse as sunlight, laser radiation and molecule fluorescence. Indeed, these underlying statistical fluctuations of light…
Photoelectron emission from excited states of laser-dressed atomic helium is analyzed with respect to laser intensity-dependent excitation energy shifts and angular distributions. In the two-color XUV (exteme ultra\-violet) -- IR (infrared)…
The quantum properties of matter and radiation can be leveraged to surpass classical limits of sensing and detection. Quantum optics does so by creating and measuring nonclassical light. However, better performance requires higher…
Since the birth of quantum optics, the measurement of quantum states of nonclassical light has been of tremendous importance for advancement in the field. To date, conventional detectors such as photomultipliers, avalanche photodiodes, and…
The measurement of quantum states is one of the most important problems in quantum mechanics. We introduce a quantum state tomography technique in which the state of a qubit is reconstructed, while the qubit remains undetected. The key…
Quantum tomography is a procedure to determine the quantum state of a physical system, or equivalently, to estimate the expectation value of any operator. It consists in appropriately averaging the outcomes of the measurement results of…
Photoelectron spectroscopy is a powerful method that provides insight into the quantum mechanical properties of a wide range of systems. The ionized electron wavefunction carries information on the structure of the bound orbital, the ionic…
We present the principle and experimental demonstration of Time Resolved Quantum State Holography. The quantum state of an excited state interacting with an ultrashort chirped laser pulse is measured during this interaction. This has been…
The quantum state of an electron in a strong laser field is altered if the interaction of the electron with its own electromagnetic field is taken into account. Starting from the Schwinger-Dirac equation, we determine the states of an…
In a two-dimensional approximation, the probability density and current for a photoelectron near the localization of a quantum vortex are theoretically investigated. The wave function in the momentum representation, which we found earlier,…
While measuring the orbital angular momentum state of bright light beams can be performed using imaging techniques, a full characterization at the single-photon level is challenging. For applications to quantum optics and quantum…
If matter absorbs a photon of sufficient energy it emits an electron. The question of the duration of the emission process has intrigued scientists for decades. With the advent of attosecond metrology, experiments addressing such ultrashort…
We demonstrate by time-resolved resonance fluorescence measurements on a single self-assembled quantum dot an internal photo-effect that emits electrons from the dot by an intra-band excitation. We find a linear dependence of the optically…
The energy and the angular distributions of photoelectrons are shown to be tunable by choosing the time and the spatial phase structure of the driving fields. These conclusions are derived from quantum mechanical calculations done within a…