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While large language models (LLMs) have proven to be effective on a large variety of tasks, they are also known to hallucinate information. To measure whether an LLM prefers factually consistent continuations of its input, we propose a new…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-12-05 Derek Tam , Anisha Mascarenhas , Shiyue Zhang , Sarah Kwan , Mohit Bansal , Colin Raffel

Human evaluation has been the gold standard for checking faithfulness in abstractive summarization. However, with a challenging source domain like narrative, multiple annotators can agree a summary is faithful, while missing details that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2025-04-02 Melanie Subbiah , Faisal Ladhak , Akankshya Mishra , Griffin Adams , Lydia B. Chilton , Kathleen McKeown

Multimodal summarization aims to generate a concise summary based on the input text and image. However, the existing methods potentially suffer from unfactual output. To evaluate the factuality of multimodal summarization models, we propose…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-01 Yue Zhang , Jingxuan Zuo , Ke Su , Liqiang Jing

We consider the problem of automatically generating a narrative biomedical evidence summary from multiple trial reports. We evaluate modern neural models for abstractive summarization of relevant article abstracts from systematic reviews…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-12-23 Byron C. Wallace , Sayantan Saha , Frank Soboczenski , Iain J. Marshall

Fact-checking real-world claims often requires reviewing multiple multimodal documents to assess a claim's truthfulness, which is a highly laborious and time-consuming task. In this paper, we present a summarization model designed to…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Ting-Chih Chen , Chia-Wei Tang , Chris Thomas

Unlike extractive summarization, abstractive summarization has to fuse different parts of the source text, which inclines to create fake facts. Our preliminary study reveals nearly 30% of the outputs from a state-of-the-art neural…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2017-11-15 Ziqiang Cao , Furu Wei , Wenjie Li , Sujian Li

The task of automatic text summarization produces a concise and fluent text summary while preserving key information and overall meaning. Recent approaches to document-level summarization have seen significant improvements in recent years…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-07 Gonçalo Raposo , Afonso Raposo , Ana Sofia Carmo

Neural abstractive summarization models are able to generate summaries which have high overlap with human references. However, existing models are not optimized for factual correctness, a critical metric in real-world applications. In this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-04-29 Yuhao Zhang , Derek Merck , Emily Bao Tsai , Christopher D. Manning , Curtis P. Langlotz

Evaluating whether Multimodal Large Language Models can produce trustworthy, verifiable reasoning over long, visually rich documents requires evaluation beyond end-to-end answer accuracy. We introduce DocScope, a benchmark that formulates…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-05-15 Xiang Feng , Jiawei Zhou , Zhangfeng Huang , Kewei Wang , Shanshan Ye , Jinxin Hu , Zulong Chen , Yong Luo , Jing Zhang

Summaries of medical text shall be faithful by being consistent and factual with source inputs, which is an important but understudied topic for safety and efficiency in healthcare. In this paper, we investigate and improve faithfulness in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-11-10 Nan Zhang , Yusen Zhang , Wu Guo , Prasenjit Mitra , Rui Zhang

Several code summarization techniques have been proposed in the literature to automatically document a code snippet or a function. Ideally, software developers should be involved in assessing the quality of the generated summaries. However,…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2023-12-27 Antonio Mastropaolo , Matteo Ciniselli , Massimiliano Di Penta , Gabriele Bavota

Existing factual consistency evaluation approaches for text summarization provide binary predictions and limited insights into the weakness of summarization systems. Therefore, we propose the task of fine-grained inconsistency detection,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-25 Hou Pong Chan , Qi Zeng , Heng Ji

Plain language summarization with LLMs can be useful for improving textual accessibility of technical content. But how factual are these summaries in a high-stakes domain like medicine? This paper presents FactPICO, a factuality benchmark…

Pre-trained neural abstractive summarization systems have dominated extractive strategies on news summarization performance, at least in terms of ROUGE. However, system-generated abstractive summaries often face the pitfall of factual…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Yue Dong , Shuohang Wang , Zhe Gan , Yu Cheng , Jackie Chi Kit Cheung , Jingjing Liu

Since LLMs emerged, more attention has been paid to abstractive long-form summarization, where longer input sequences indicate more information contained. Nevertheless, the automatic evaluation of such summaries remains underexplored. The…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-01-30 Yuchen Fan , Yazhe Wan , Xin Zhong , Haonan Cheng , Ning Ding , Bowen Zhou

Factual consistency is an essential quality of text summarization models in practical settings. Existing work in evaluating this dimension can be broadly categorized into two lines of research, entailment-based and question answering…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-05-02 Alexander R. Fabbri , Chien-Sheng Wu , Wenhao Liu , Caiming Xiong

Text summarization is crucial for mitigating information overload across domains like journalism, medicine, and business. This research evaluates summarization performance across 17 large language models (OpenAI, Google, Anthropic,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-08 Anantharaman Janakiraman , Behnaz Ghoraani

\Ac{LFQA} aims to generate lengthy answers to complex questions. This scenario presents great flexibility as well as significant challenges for evaluation. Most evaluations rely on deterministic metrics that depend on string or n-gram…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2025-04-28 Ning Xian , Yixing Fan , Ruqing Zhang , Maarten de Rijke , Jiafeng Guo

Automatic evaluation metrics have been facilitating the rapid development of automatic summarization methods by providing instant and fair assessments of the quality of summaries. Most metrics have been developed for the general domain,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-03-21 Hongyi Yuan , Yaoyun Zhang , Fei Huang , Songfang Huang

The scarcity of comprehensive up-to-date studies on evaluation metrics for text summarization and the lack of consensus regarding evaluation protocols continue to inhibit progress. We address the existing shortcomings of summarization…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2021-02-03 Alexander R. Fabbri , Wojciech Kryściński , Bryan McCann , Caiming Xiong , Richard Socher , Dragomir Radev