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Prompt engineering reduces reasoning mistakes in Large Language Models (LLMs). However, its effectiveness in mitigating vulnerabilities in LLM-generated code remains underexplored. To address this gap, we implemented a benchmark to…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2025-02-11 Marc Bruni , Fabio Gabrielli , Mohammad Ghafari , Martin Kropp

In this fast-evolving area of LLMs, our paper discusses the significant security risk presented by prompt injection attacks. It focuses on small open-sourced models, specifically the LLaMA family of models. We introduce novel defense…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-19 Safwan Shaheer , G. M. Refatul Islam , Mohammad Rafid Hamid , Tahsin Zaman Jilan

In the field of robotics and automation, navigation systems based on Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive performance. However, the security aspects of these systems have received relatively less attention.…

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

Safety alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs) can be compromised with manual jailbreak attacks and (automatic) adversarial attacks. Recent studies suggest that defending against these attacks is possible: adversarial attacks generate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-15 Sicheng Zhu , Ruiyi Zhang , Bang An , Gang Wu , Joe Barrow , Zichao Wang , Furong Huang , Ani Nenkova , Tong Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed artificial intelligence by advancing natural language understanding and generation, enabling applications across fields beyond healthcare, software engineering, and conversational systems.…

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in empirical research workflows, their use as analytical tools for quantitative or qualitative data raises pressing concerns for scientific integrity. This opinion paper draws a…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-08-12 Thomas Kosch , Sebastian Feger

Tool-augmented Large Language Model (LLM) agents have demonstrated impressive capabilities in automating complex, multi-step real-world tasks, yet remain vulnerable to indirect prompt injection. Adversaries exploit this weakness by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-05-12 Wei Zhao , Zhe Li , Peixin Zhang , Jun Sun

Large Language Models (LLMs) generating unsafe responses to toxic prompts is a significant issue in their applications. While various efforts aim to address this safety concern, previous approaches often demand substantial human data…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-12 Yuxiao Lu , Arunesh Sinha , Pradeep Varakantham

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely deployed as the backbone with additional tools and text information for real-world applications. However, integrating external information into LLM-integrated applications raises significant…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-11-27 Jiongxiao Wang , Fangzhou Wu , Wendi Li , Jinsheng Pan , Edward Suh , Z. Morley Mao , Muhao Chen , Chaowei Xiao

Security vulnerabilities are increasingly prevalent in modern software and they are widely consequential to our society. Various approaches to defending against these vulnerabilities have been proposed, among which those leveraging deep…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-02-28 Yu Nong , Mohammed Aldeen , Long Cheng , Hongxin Hu , Feng Chen , Haipeng Cai

Batch prompting, which combines a batch of multiple queries sharing the same context in one inference, has emerged as a promising solution to reduce inference costs. However, our study reveals a significant security vulnerability in batch…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-23 Murong Yue , Ziyu Yao

Large language models (LLMs) are shown to benefit from chain-of-thought (COT) prompting, particularly when tackling tasks that require systematic reasoning processes. On the other hand, COT prompting also poses new vulnerabilities in the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-01-24 Zhen Xiang , Fengqing Jiang , Zidi Xiong , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Radha Poovendran , Bo Li

Software vulnerability detection is generally supported by automated static analysis tools, which have recently been reinforced by deep learning (DL) models. However, despite the superior performance of DL-based approaches over rule-based…

软件工程 · 计算机科学 2024-05-03 Yanjing Yang , Xin Zhou , Runfeng Mao , Jinwei Xu , Lanxin Yang , Yu Zhangm , Haifeng Shen , He Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) enable a new ecosystem with many downstream applications, called LLM applications, with different natural language processing tasks. The functionality and performance of an LLM application highly depend on its…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-16 Bo Hui , Haolin Yuan , Neil Gong , Philippe Burlina , Yinzhi Cao

Prompt injection attacks can compromise the security and stability of critical systems, from infrastructure to large web applications. This work curates and augments a prompt injection dataset based on the HackAPrompt Playground Submissions…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-12-16 Safwan Shaheer , G. M. Refatul Islam , Mohammad Rafid Hamid , Md. Abrar Faiaz Khan , Md. Omar Faruk , Yaseen Nur

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a powerful paradigm leveraging LLMs for specific downstream tasks by utilizing labeled examples as demonstrations (demos) in the preconditioned prompts. Despite its promising performance, crafted…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-30 Xiangyu Zhou , Yao Qiang , Saleh Zare Zade , Prashant Khanduri , Dongxiao Zhu

Recently, Large language models (LLMs) with powerful general capabilities have been increasingly integrated into various Web applications, while undergoing alignment training to ensure that the generated content aligns with user intent and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-10-17 Shuyu Jiang , Xingshu Chen , Rui Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become central to numerous natural language processing tasks, but their vulnerabilities present significant security and ethical challenges. This systematic survey explores the evolving landscape of attack…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-05 Zhiyu Liao , Kang Chen , Yuanguo Lin , Kangkang Li , Yunxuan Liu , Hefeng Chen , Xingwang Huang , Yuanhui Yu

Prompt injection has emerged as a serious security threat to large language models (LLMs). At present, the current best-practice for defending against newly-discovered prompt injection techniques is to add additional guardrails to the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-20 Ahmed Salem , Andrew Paverd , Boris Köpf