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The pretrained large language models (LLMs) are finetuned with labeled data for better instruction following ability and alignment with human values. In this paper, we study the learning dynamics of LLM finetuning on reasoning tasks and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Zhiwen Ruan , Yun Chen , Yutao Hou , Peng Li , Yang Liu , Guanhua Chen

Vision-language models (VLMs) and the recent surge of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence with unprecedented cross-modal alignment and zero-shot generalization. However, enabling them to…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-19 Yuyang Liu , Qiuhe Hong , Linlan Huang , Alexandra Gomez-Villa , Dipam Goswami , Xialei Liu , Joost van de Weijer , Yonghong Tian

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in question answering (QA), but metrics for assessing their reliance on memorization versus retrieval remain underdeveloped. Moreover, while finetuned models are…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-06-17 Peter Carragher , Abhinand Jha , R Raghav , Kathleen M. Carley

Large language models (LLMs) with one or more fine-tuning phases have become a necessary step to unlock various capabilities, enabling LLMs to follow natural language instructions or align with human preferences. However, it carries the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-30 Tingfeng Hui , Zhenyu Zhang , Shuohuan Wang , Weiran Xu , Yu Sun , Hua Wu

In contrast to children, language models (LMs) exhibit considerably inferior data efficiency when acquiring language. In this submission to the BabyLM Challenge (Warstadt et al., 2023), we test the hypothesis that this data efficiency gap…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-02-29 Theodor Amariucai , Alex Warstadt

Large language models (LLMs) and multimodal models (MMs) have exhibited impressive capabilities in various domains, particularly in general language understanding and visual reasoning. However, these models, trained on massive data, may not…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-19 Xinbo Wu , Max Hartman , Vidhata Arjun Jayaraman , Lav R. Varshney

The recent success of large language models (LLMs) trained on static, pre-collected, general datasets has sparked numerous research directions and applications. One such direction addresses the non-trivial challenge of integrating…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-11-26 Haizhou Shi , Zihao Xu , Hengyi Wang , Weiyi Qin , Wenyuan Wang , Yibin Wang , Zifeng Wang , Sayna Ebrahimi , Hao Wang

Existing research has shown that large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable performance in language understanding and generation. However, when LLMs are continuously fine-tuned on complex and diverse domain-specific downstream tasks,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-03-01 Weijieying Ren , Xinlong Li , Lei Wang , Tianxiang Zhao , Wei Qin

End-to-end training of Spoken Language Models (SLMs) commonly involves adapting pre-trained text-based Large Language Models (LLMs) to the speech modality through multi-stage training on diverse tasks such as ASR, TTS and spoken question…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-26 Chi-Yuan Hsiao , Ke-Han Lu , Kai-Wei Chang , Chih-Kai Yang , Wei-Chih Chen , Hung-yi Lee

Multimodal continual instruction tuning enables multimodal large language models to sequentially adapt to new tasks while building upon previously acquired knowledge. However, this continual learning paradigm faces the significant challenge…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-03-23 Songze Li , Mingyu Gao , Tonghua Su , Xu-Yao Zhang , Zhongjie Wang

Catastrophic forgetting (CF) poses a significant challenge in machine learning, where a model forgets previously learned information upon learning new tasks. Despite the advanced capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), they continue…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-17 Gangwei Jiang , Caigao Jiang , Zhaoyi Li , Siqiao Xue , Jun Zhou , Linqi Song , Defu Lian , Ying Wei

Large language model (LLM) post-training enhances latent skills, unlocks value alignment, improves performance, and enables domain adaptation. Unfortunately, post-training is known to induce forgetting, especially in the ubiquitous use-case…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-25 Lukas Thede , Stefan Winzeck , Zeynep Akata , Jonathan Richard Schwarz

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) combine visual and textual data for tasks such as image captioning and visual question answering. Proper uncertainty calibration is crucial, yet challenging, for reliable use in areas like healthcare…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Zijun Chen , Wenbo Hu , Guande He , Zhijie Deng , Zheng Zhang , Richang Hong

Visual instruction tuning (VIT) enables multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to effectively handle a wide range of vision tasks by framing them as language-based instructions. Building on this, continual visual instruction tuning (CVIT)…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-02 Ziqi Wang , Chang Che , Qi Wang , Yangyang Li , Zenglin Shi , Meng Wang

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) is a common first stage of LLM post-training, teaching the model to follow instructions and shaping its behavior as a helpful assistant. At the same time, SFT may harm the fundamental capabilities of an LLM,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-16 Mark Rofin , Aditya Varre , Nicolas Flammarion

Recently, Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) represented by GPT-4V has been a new rising research hotspot, which uses powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) as a brain to perform multimodal tasks. The surprising emergent capabilities of…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-12-02 Shukang Yin , Chaoyou Fu , Sirui Zhao , Ke Li , Xing Sun , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Recent Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel on benchmark vision-language tasks, yet little is known about how input visual quality shapes their responses. Does higher perceptual quality of images already translate to better MLLM…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-06-19 Shuo Xing , Lanqing Guo , Hongyuan Hua , Seoyoung Lee , Peiran Li , Yufei Wang , Zhangyang Wang , Zhengzhong Tu

Large language models (LLMs) store vast amounts of knowledge, which often requires updates to correct factual errors, incorporate newly acquired information, or adapt model behavior. Model editing methods have emerged as efficient solutions…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-27 Fufang Wen , Shichang Zhang

The rise of multimodal large language models (MLLMs) has sparked an unprecedented wave of applications in the field of medical imaging analysis. However, as one of the earliest and most fundamental tasks integrated into this paradigm,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-04-10 Xun Zhu , Fanbin Mo , Xi Chen , Kaili Zheng , Shaoshuai Yang , Yiming Shi , Jian Gao , Miao Li , Ji Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are often fine-tuned for use on downstream tasks, though this can degrade capabilities learned during previous training. This phenomenon, often referred to as catastrophic forgetting, has important potential…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-30 Megan Ung , Alicia Sun , Samuel J. Bell , Bhaktipriya Radharapu , Levent Sagun , Adina Williams