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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated strong performance in multilingual question-answering (QA) tasks by leveraging relevant passages retrieved from corpora. In multilingual RAG (mRAG), the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-12 Jirui Qi , Raquel Fernández , Arianna Bisazza

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful approach for grounding Large Language Model (LLM)-based chatbot responses on external knowledge. However, existing RAG studies typically assume well-structured textual sources…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 Sungmoon Kim , Hyuna Jeon , Dahye Kim , Mingyu Kim , Dong-Kyu Chae , Jiwoong Kim

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a key means to effectively enhance large language models (LLMs) in many knowledge-based tasks. However, existing RAG methods struggle with knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks, because useful…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-28 Zhuoqun Li , Xuanang Chen , Haiyang Yu , Hongyu Lin , Yaojie Lu , Qiaoyu Tang , Fei Huang , Xianpei Han , Le Sun , Yongbin Li

Enterprise documents such as forms, invoices, receipts, reports, contracts, and other similar records, often carry rich semantics at the intersection of textual and spatial modalities. The visual cues offered by their complex layouts play a…

Text documents are structured on multiple levels of detail: individual words are related by syntax, but larger units of text are related by discourse structure. Existing language models generally fail to account for discourse structure, but…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2016-02-23 Yangfeng Ji , Trevor Cohn , Lingpeng Kong , Chris Dyer , Jacob Eisenstein

Textbook question answering (TQA) is a challenging task in artificial intelligence due to the complex nature of context needed to answer complex questions. Although previous research has improved the task, there are still some limitations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-01-23 Hessa Abdulrahman Alawwad , Areej Alhothali , Usman Naseem , Ali Alkhathlan , Amani Jamal

HTML documents are an important medium for disseminating information on the Web for human consumption. An HTML document presents information in multiple text formats including unstructured text, structured key-value pairs, and tables.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-27 Xiang Deng , Prashant Shiralkar , Colin Lockard , Binxuan Huang , Huan Sun

Interacting with the legal system and the government requires the assembly and analysis of various pieces of information that can be spread across different (paper) documents, such as forms, certificates and contracts (e.g. leases). This…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-12-23 Hannes Westermann , Jaromir Savelka

Multi-entity question answering (MEQA) represents significant challenges for large language models (LLM) and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems, which frequently struggle to consolidate scattered information across diverse…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-25 Teng Lin , Yuyu Luo , Honglin Zhang , Jicheng Zhang , Chunlin Liu , Kaishun Wu , Nan Tang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in natural language processing; however, they still face difficulties when tasked with understanding lengthy contexts and executing effective question answering. These…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-08-18 Yanming Liu , Xinyue Peng , Jiannan Cao , Yanxin Shen , Tianyu Du , Sheng Cheng , Xun Wang , Jianwei Yin , Xuhong Zhang

The growing volume of academic papers has made it increasingly difficult for researchers to efficiently extract key information. While large language models (LLMs) based agents are capable of automating question answering (QA) workflows for…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Tiancheng Huang , Ruisheng Cao , Yuxin Zhang , Zhangyi Kang , Zijian Wang , Chenrun Wang , Yijie Luo , Hang Zheng , Lirong Qian , Lu Chen , Kai Yu

We present LLMStructBench, a novel benchmark for evaluating Large Language Models (LLMs) on extracting structured data and generating valid JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) outputs from natural-language text. Our open dataset comprises…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-17 Sönke Tenckhoff , Mario Koddenbrock , Erik Rodner

Tabular data is frequently captured in image form across a wide range of real-world scenarios such as financial reports, handwritten records, and document scans. These visual representations pose unique challenges for machine understanding,…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2026-02-10 Zhuoyan Xu , Haoyang Fang , Boran Han , Bonan Min , Bernie Wang , Cuixiong Hu , Shuai Zhang

In the field of information retrieval, Query Likelihood Models (QLMs) rank documents based on the probability of generating the query given the content of a document. Recently, advanced large language models (LLMs) have emerged as effective…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2023-10-23 Shengyao Zhuang , Bing Liu , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

We introduce LongDA, a data analysis benchmark for evaluating LLM-based agents under documentation-intensive analytical workflows. In contrast to existing benchmarks that assume well-specified schemas and inputs, LongDA targets real-world…

数字图书馆 · 计算机科学 2026-01-13 Yiyang Li , Zheyuan Zhang , Tianyi Ma , Zehong Wang , Keerthiram Murugesan , Chuxu Zhang , Yanfang Ye

Recently, leveraging large language models (LLMs) or multimodal large language models (MLLMs) for document understanding has been proven very promising. However, previous works that employ LLMs/MLLMs for document understanding have not…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-04-09 Chuwei Luo , Yufan Shen , Zhaoqing Zhu , Qi Zheng , Zhi Yu , Cong Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in various domains. However, when handling long-form text modification tasks, they still face two major problems: (1) producing undesired modifications by inappropriately…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-06-02 Yuntao Shi , Yi Luo , Yeyun Gong , Chen Lin

Scientific problem-solving involves synthesizing information while applying expert knowledge. We introduce CURIE, a scientific long-Context Understanding,Reasoning and Information Extraction benchmark to measure the potential of Large…

Retrieval augmented generation (RAG) has been widely adopted to help Large Language Models (LLMs) to process tasks involving long documents. However, existing retrieval models are not designed for long document retrieval and fail to address…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-02-13 David Jiahao Fu , Lam Thanh Do , Jiayu Li , Kevin Chen-Chuan Chang

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities in replicating human tasks and boosting productivity. However, their direct application for data extraction presents limitations due to a prioritisation of fluency over…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Aman Ahluwalia , Suhrud Wani