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Past decades have witnessed a great interest in the distinction and connection between neural network learning and kernel learning. Recent advancements have made theoretical progress in connecting infinite-wide neural networks and Gaussian…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-07 Shao-Qun Zhang , Zong-Yi Chen , Yong-Ming Tian , Xun Lu

In suitably initialized wide networks, small learning rates transform deep neural networks (DNNs) into neural tangent kernel (NTK) machines, whose training dynamics is well-approximated by a linear weight expansion of the network at…

The evolution of a deep neural network trained by the gradient descent can be described by its neural tangent kernel (NTK) as introduced in [20], where it was proven that in the infinite width limit the NTK converges to an explicit limiting…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-09-19 Jiaoyang Huang , Horng-Tzer Yau

The training dynamics and generalization properties of neural networks (NN) can be precisely characterized in function space via the neural tangent kernel (NTK). Structural changes to the NTK during training reflect feature learning and…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-02-11 Haozhe Shan , Blake Bordelon

Recent works have examined theoretical and empirical properties of wide neural networks trained in the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) regime. Given that biological neural networks are much wider than their artificial counterparts, we consider…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-14 Akhilan Boopathy , Ila Fiete

In wide neural networks, the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) remains approximately constant during training, providing a powerful theoretical tool for studying training dynamics, generalization, and connections to kernel methods. However, this…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-26 Jonathan Plenk , Sergio Calvo-Ordonez , Alvaro Cartea , Yarin Gal , Mark van der Wilk , Kamil Ciosek

While deep learning has achieved remarkable success across a wide range of applications, its theoretical understanding of representation learning remains limited. Deep neural kernels provide a principled framework to interpret…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-11 Yong-Ming Tian , Shuang Liang , Shao-Qun Zhang , Feng-Lei Fan

Expressiveness and generalization of deep models was recently addressed via the connection between neural networks (NNs) and kernel learning, where first-order dynamics of NN during a gradient-descent (GD) optimization were related to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-21 Dmitry Kopitkov , Vadim Indelman

A recent breakthrough in deep learning theory shows that the training of over-parameterized deep neural networks can be characterized by a kernel function called \textit{neural tangent kernel} (NTK). However, it is known that this type of…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-10-07 Zixiang Chen , Yuan Cao , Quanquan Gu , Tong Zhang

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) has recently attracted intense study, as it describes the evolution of an over-parameterized Neural Network (NN) trained by gradient descent. However, it is now well-known that gradient descent is not always…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-03-23 Lei Tan , Shutong Wu , Xiaolin Huang

Recent work by Jacot et al. (2018) has shown that training a neural network using gradient descent in parameter space is related to kernel gradient descent in function space with respect to the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK). Lee et al. (2019)…

机器学习 · 统计学 2022-05-26 Soufiane Hayou , Arnaud Doucet , Judith Rousseau

At initialization, artificial neural networks (ANNs) are equivalent to Gaussian processes in the infinite-width limit, thus connecting them to kernel methods. We prove that the evolution of an ANN during training can also be described by a…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-02-11 Arthur Jacot , Franck Gabriel , Clément Hongler

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) offers a powerful tool to study the functional dynamics of neural networks. In the so-called lazy, or kernel regime, the NTK remains static during training and the network function is linear in the static…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Yuzhi Liu , Zixuan Chen , Zirui Zhang , Yufei Liu , Giulia Lanzillotta

Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) is widely used to analyze overparametrized neural networks due to the famous result by Jacot et al. (2018): in the infinite-width limit, the NTK is deterministic and constant during training. However, this result…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-22 Mariia Seleznova , Gitta Kutyniok

Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) theory is widely used to study the dynamics of infinitely-wide deep neural networks (DNNs) under gradient descent. But do the results for infinitely-wide networks give us hints about the behavior of real…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-02-02 Mariia Seleznova , Gitta Kutyniok

The neural tangent kernel (NTK) has garnered significant attention as a theoretical framework for describing the behavior of large-scale neural networks. Kernel methods are theoretically well-understood and as a result enjoy algorithmic…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Jonathan Wenger , Felix Dangel , Agustinus Kristiadi

Recent works have partly attributed the generalization ability of over-parameterized neural networks to frequency bias -- networks trained with gradient descent on data drawn from a uniform distribution find a low frequency fit before high…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-03-11 Ronen Basri , Meirav Galun , Amnon Geifman , David Jacobs , Yoni Kasten , Shira Kritchman

This work bridges two important concepts: the Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK), which captures the evolution of deep neural networks (DNNs) during training, and the Neural Collapse (NC) phenomenon, which refers to the emergence of symmetry and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-11-07 Mariia Seleznova , Dana Weitzner , Raja Giryes , Gitta Kutyniok , Hung-Hsu Chou

A rising trend in theoretical deep learning is to understand why deep learning works through Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) [jgh18], a kernel method that is equivalent to using gradient descent to train a multi-layer infinitely-wide neural…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-09-15 Lianke Qin , Zhao Song , Baocheng Sun

The Neural Tangent Kernel (NTK) is an important milestone in the ongoing effort to build a theory for deep learning. Its prediction that sufficiently wide neural networks behave as kernel methods, or equivalently as random feature models,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-06-25 Maxim Samarin , Volker Roth , David Belius
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