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Transformers and LLMs have seen rapid adoption in all domains. Their sizes have exploded to hundreds of billions of parameters and keep increasing. Under these circumstances, the training of transformers is slow and often takes in the order…

The effectiveness and efficiency of machine learning methodologies are crucial, especially with respect to the quality of results and computational cost. This paper discusses different model optimization techniques, providing a…

This is the 1st part of the dissertation for my master degree and compares the power consumption using the default floating point (32bit) and Nvidia mixed precision (16bit and 32bit) while training a classification ML model. A custom PC…

GPU-embedded systems have gained popularity across various domains due to their efficient power consumption. However, in order to meet the demands of real-time or time-consuming applications running on these systems, it is crucial for them…

Large language models have led to state-of-the-art accuracies across a range of tasks. However, training these models efficiently is challenging for two reasons: a) GPU memory capacity is limited, making it impossible to fit large models on…

Matrix multiplication is a foundational operation in scientific computing and machine learning, yet its computational complexity makes it a significant bottleneck for large-scale applications. The shift to parallel architectures, primarily…

The employment of high-performance servers and GPU accelerators for training deep neural network models have greatly accelerated recent advances in deep learning (DL). DL frameworks, such as TensorFlow, MXNet, and Caffe2, have emerged to…

The AI hardware boom has led modern data centers to adopt HPC-style architectures centered on distributed, GPU-centric computation. Large GPU clusters interconnected by fast RDMA networks and backed by high-bandwidth NVMe storage enable…

There is a growing demand to deploy computation-intensive deep learning (DL) models on resource-constrained mobile devices for real-time intelligent applications. Equipped with a variety of processing units such as CPUs, GPUs, and NPUs, the…

Recent years have seen the adoption of Machine Learning (ML) techniques to predict the performance of large-scale applications, mostly at a coarse level. In contrast, we propose to use ML techniques for performance prediction at a much…

Deep learning methods have resulted in significant performance improvements in several application domains and as such several software frameworks have been developed to facilitate their implementation. This paper presents a comparative…

As emerging deep neural network (DNN) models continue to grow in size, using large GPU clusters to train DNNs is becoming an essential requirement to achieving acceptable training times. In this paper, we consider the case where future…

This work examines the performance of leading-edge systems designed for machine learning computing, including the NVIDIA DGX-2, Amazon Web Services (AWS) P3, IBM Power System Accelerated Compute Server AC922, and a consumer-grade Exxact…

State-of-the-art machine learning frameworks support a wide variety of design features to enable a flexible machine learning programming interface and to ease the programmability burden on machine learning developers. Identifying and using…

Modern deep learning systems like PyTorch and Tensorflow are able to train enormous models with billions (or trillions) of parameters on a distributed infrastructure. These systems require that the internal nodes have the same memory…

GPUs have become indispensable in high-performance computing, machine learning, and many other domains. Efficiently utilizing the memory subsystem on GPUs is critical for maximizing computing power through massive parallelism. Analyzing…

In recent decades, High Performance Computing (HPC) has undergone significant enhancements, particularly in the realm of hardware platforms, aimed at delivering increased processing power while keeping power consumption within reasonable…

Image Processing is a specialized area of Digital Signal Processing which contains various mathematical and algebraic operations such as matrix inversion, transpose of matrix, derivative, convolution, Fourier Transform etc. Operations like…

GPUs have limited memory and it is difficult to train wide and/or deep models that cause the training process to go out of memory. It is shown in this paper how an open source tool called Large Model Support (LMS) can utilize a high…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to increasingly diverse requests, accompanied with varying resource (compute and memory) demands to serve them. However, this in turn degrades the cost-efficiency of LLM serving…