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Recent advances in multi-agent reinforcement learning, particularly Policy-Space Response Oracles (PSRO), have enabled the computation of approximate game-theoretic equilibria in increasingly complex domains. However, these methods rely on…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2026-03-12 Daniel Hennes , Zun Li , John Schultz , Marc Lanctot

Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has become a central post-training paradigm for improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models. Yet existing methods share a common blind spot: they optimize policies…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-04-29 Huaiyang Wang , Xiaojie Li , Deqing Wang , Haoyi Zhou , Zixuan Huang , Yaodong Yang , Jianxin Li , Yikun Ban

This paper introduces a novel causal framework for multi-stage decision-making in natural language action spaces where outcomes are only observed after a sequence of actions. While recent approaches like Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-26 Bohan Zhang , Yixin Wang , Paramveer S. Dhillon

Humans can leverage both symbolic reasoning and intuitive reactions. In contrast, reinforcement learning policies are typically encoded in either opaque systems like neural networks or symbolic systems that rely on predefined symbols and…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Hikaru Shindo , Quentin Delfosse , Devendra Singh Dhami , Kristian Kersting

When making decisions, people often overlook critical information or are overly swayed by irrelevant information. A common approach to mitigate these biases is to provide decision-makers, especially professionals such as medical doctors,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-04-13 Julian Skirzyński , Frederic Becker , Falk Lieder

[Zhang, ICML 2018] provided the first decentralized actor-critic algorithm for multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) that offers convergence guarantees. In that work, policies are stochastic and are defined on finite action spaces. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-02-22 Antoine Grosnit , Desmond Cai , Laura Wynter

In multi-agent tasks, the central challenge lies in the dynamic adaptation of strategies. However, directly conditioning on opponents' strategies is intractable in the prevalent deep reinforcement learning paradigm due to a fundamental…

计算机科学与博弈论 · 计算机科学 2025-12-25 Yue Lin , Shuhui Zhu , Wenhao Li , Ang Li , Dan Qiao , Pascal Poupart , Hongyuan Zha , Baoxiang Wang

Autonomous urban driving navigation with complex multi-agent dynamics is under-explored due to the difficulty of learning an optimal driving policy. The traditional modular pipeline heavily relies on hand-designed rules and the…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2018-07-11 Xiaodan Liang , Tairui Wang , Luona Yang , Eric Xing

Adversarial imitation learning (AIL) is a popular method that has recently achieved much success. However, the performance of AIL is still unsatisfactory on the more challenging tasks. We find that one of the major reasons is due to the low…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-07-07 Jialei Huang , Zhaoheng Yin , Yingdong Hu , Yang Gao

Aiming to produce reinforcement learning (RL) policies that are human-interpretable and can generalize better to novel scenarios, Trivedi et al. (2021) present a method (LEAPS) that first learns a program embedding space to continuously…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-06-01 Guan-Ting Liu , En-Pei Hu , Pu-Jen Cheng , Hung-yi Lee , Shao-Hua Sun

Large language models (LLMs) achieve remarkable performance in code generation tasks. However, a significant performance disparity persists between popular programming languages (e.g., Python, C++) and others. To address this capability…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-05 Haoyuan Wu , Rui Ming , Jilong Gao , Hangyu Zhao , Xueyi Chen , Yikai Yang , Haisheng Zheng , Zhuolun He , Bei Yu

Reinforcement learning (RL) is increasingly applied to real-world problems involving complex and structured decisions, such as routing, scheduling, and assortment planning. These settings challenge standard RL algorithms, which struggle to…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-29 Heiko Hoppe , Léo Baty , Louis Bouvier , Axel Parmentier , Maximilian Schiffer

This paper presents a novel RL algorithm, S-REINFORCE, which is designed to generate interpretable policies for dynamic decision-making tasks. The proposed algorithm leverages two types of function approximators, namely Neural Network (NN)…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-05-15 Rajdeep Dutta , Qincheng Wang , Ankur Singh , Dhruv Kumarjiguda , Li Xiaoli , Senthilnath Jayavelu

We introduce a new algorithm for multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) with linear preferences, with the goal of enabling few-shot adaptation to new tasks. In MORL, the aim is to learn policies over multiple competing objectives…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2019-11-07 Runzhe Yang , Xingyuan Sun , Karthik Narasimhan

We present a generative optimization approach for learning game-playing agents, where policies are represented as Python programs and refined using large language models (LLMs). Our method treats decision-making policies as self-evolving…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-28 Zhiyi Kuang , Ryan Rong , YuCheng Yuan , Allen Nie

We study the problem of learning control policies for complex tasks given by logical specifications. Recent approaches automatically generate a reward function from a given specification and use a suitable reinforcement learning algorithm…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-12-28 Kishor Jothimurugan , Suguman Bansal , Osbert Bastani , Rajeev Alur

Today's advanced Reinforcement Learning algorithms produce black-box policies, that are often difficult to interpret and trust for a person. We introduce a policy distilling algorithm, building on the CN2 rule mining algorithm, that…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2021-06-14 Youri Coppens , Denis Steckelmacher , Catholijn M. Jonker , Ann Nowé

Interpretable policy learning seeks to estimate intelligible decision policies from observed actions; however, existing models force a tradeoff between accuracy and interpretability, limiting data-driven interpretations of human…

Multi-objective reinforcement learning (MORL) algorithms tackle sequential decision problems where agents may have different preferences over (possibly conflicting) reward functions. Such algorithms often learn a set of policies (each…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-16 Lucas N. Alegre , Ana L. C. Bazzan , Diederik M. Roijers , Ann Nowé , Bruno C. da Silva

Implicit Q-learning (IQL) serves as a strong baseline for offline RL, which learns the value function using only dataset actions through quantile regression. However, it is unclear how to recover the implicit policy from the learned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-11-06 Longxiang He , Li Shen , Xueqian Wang