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Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed NLP with their remarkable In-context Learning (ICL) capabilities. Automated assistants based on LLMs are gaining popularity; however, adapting them to novel tasks is still challenging. While…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-13 Anwoy Chatterjee , Eshaan Tanwar , Subhabrata Dutta , Tanmoy Chakraborty

In-context learning, where pre-trained language models learn to perform tasks from task examples and instructions in their contexts, has attracted much attention in the NLP community. However, the ability of in-context learning is not fully…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-17 Yuxian Gu , Li Dong , Furu Wei , Minlie Huang

We present a robust methodology for evaluating biases in natural language generation(NLG) systems. Previous works use fixed hand-crafted prefix templates with mentions of various demographic groups to prompt models to generate continuations…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-12-06 Arshiya Aggarwal , Jiao Sun , Nanyun Peng

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been shown to enhance the factual accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs), but existing methods often suffer from limited reasoning capabilities in effectively using the retrieved evidence,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-03 Shayekh Bin Islam , Md Asib Rahman , K S M Tozammel Hossain , Enamul Hoque , Shafiq Joty , Md Rizwan Parvez

Large language models (LLMs) often suffer from hallucination, generating factually incorrect statements when handling questions beyond their knowledge and perception. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) addresses this by retrieving…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-11-18 Shengyuan Chen , Chuang Zhou , Zheng Yuan , Qinggang Zhang , Zeyang Cui , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Jiannong Cao , Xiao Huang

In-Context Learning (ICL) enables transformer-based language models to adapt to new tasks by conditioning on demonstration examples. However, traditional example-driven in-context learning lacks explicit modules for knowledge retrieval and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-03-31 Pan Chen , Shaohong Chen , Mark Wang , Shi Xuan Leong , Priscilla Fung , Varinia Bernales , Alan Aspuru-Guzik

The emergence of in-context learning (ICL) enables large pre-trained language models (PLMs) to make predictions for unseen inputs without updating parameters. Despite its potential, ICL's effectiveness heavily relies on the quality,…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2024-07-02 Xiaoling Zhou , Wei Ye , Yidong Wang , Chaoya Jiang , Zhemg Lee , Rui Xie , Shikun Zhang

Query Performance Prediction (QPP) estimates the retrieval quality of ranking models without the use of any human-assessed relevance judgements, and finds applications in query-specific selective decision making to improve overall retrieval…

信息检索 · 计算机科学 2026-05-01 Fangzheng Tian , Debasis Ganguly , Craig Macdonald

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has shown significant improvements in various natural language processing tasks by integrating the strengths of large language models (LLMs) and external knowledge databases. However, RAG introduces long…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2024-04-26 Chao Jin , Zili Zhang , Xuanlin Jiang , Fangyue Liu , Xin Liu , Xuanzhe Liu , Xin Jin

Large language models (LMs) are currently trained to predict tokens given document prefixes, enabling them to directly perform long-form generation and prompting-style tasks which can be reduced to document completion. Existing pretraining…

Text-based recommendation holds a wide range of practical applications due to its versatility, as textual descriptions can represent nearly any type of item. However, directly employing the original item descriptions may not yield optimal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-03 Hanjia Lyu , Song Jiang , Hanqing Zeng , Yinglong Xia , Qifan Wang , Si Zhang , Ren Chen , Christopher Leung , Jiajie Tang , Jiebo Luo

Neural network based approaches to data-to-text natural language generation (NLG) have gained popularity in recent years, with the goal of generating a natural language prompt that accurately realizes an input meaning representation. To…

The rapid progress in large language models (LLMs) has paved the way for novel approaches in knowledge-intensive tasks. Among these, Cache-Augmented Generation (CAG) has emerged as a promising alternative to Retrieval-Augmented Generation…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-05-14 Rishabh Agrawal , Himanshu Kumar

Transformers have a quadratic scaling of computational complexity with input size, which limits the input context window size of large language models (LLMs) in both training and inference. Meanwhile, retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-18 Yimin Tang , Yurong Xu , Ning Yan , Masood Mortazavi

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and long-context language models (LCLMs) both address context limitations of LLMs in open-domain question answering (QA). However, optimal external context to retrieve remains an open problem: fixing the…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-10-01 Chihiro Taguchi , Seiji Maekawa , Nikita Bhutani

Large Language Models (LLMs) are being adopted at an unprecedented rate, yet still face challenges in knowledge-intensive domains like biomedicine. Solutions such as pre-training and domain-specific fine-tuning add substantial computational…

In order for large language models to achieve true conversational continuity and benefit from experiential learning, they need memory. While research has focused on the development of complex memory systems, it remains unclear which types…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-12-09 Alessandra Terranova , Björn Ross , Alexandra Birch

Despite rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs), QG remains a challenging problem due to its complicated process, open-ended nature, and the diverse settings in which question generation occurs. A common approach to address these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-06-21 Naiming Liu , Zichao Wang , Richard Baraniuk

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have highlighted the importance of extending context lengths for handling complex tasks. While traditional methods for training on long contexts often use filtered long documents, these…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-02-12 Chaochen Gao , Xing Wu , Qi Fu , Songlin Hu

Recent work has improved language models (LMs) remarkably by equipping them with a non-parametric memory component. However, most existing approaches only introduce mem-ories at testing time or represent them using a separately trained…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-11-30 Zexuan Zhong , Tao Lei , Danqi Chen