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While multimodal large language models excel at tasks that integrate visual perception with symbolic reasoning, their performance is often undermined by a critical vulnerability: perception-induced errors that propagate through the…

Large Language Models (LLMs) fine-tuned via Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) and Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) significantly improve the alignment of human-AI values, further raising the upper bound…

Humor is a commonly used and intricate human language in daily life. Humor generation, especially in multi-modal scenarios, is a challenging task for large language models (LLMs), which is typically as funny caption generation for images,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-02-09 Wenbo Shang , Yuxi Sun , Jing Ma , Xin Huang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback significantly enhances Natural Language Processing by aligning language models with human expectations. A critical factor in this alignment is the strength of reward models used during training.…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-17 Yanjun Chen , Dawei Zhu , Yirong Sun , Xinghao Chen , Wei Zhang , Xiaoyu Shen

Reinforcement Learning from Human/AI Feedback (RLHF/RLAIF) has been extensively utilized for preference alignment of text-to-image models. Existing methods face certain limitations in terms of both data and algorithm. For training data,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-22 Xingyu Lu , Yuhang Hu , YiFan Zhang , Kaiyu Jiang , Changyi Liu , Tianke Zhang , Jinpeng Wang , Chun Yuan , Bin Wen , Fan Yang , Tingting Gao , Di Zhang

Human preferences are widely used to align large language models (LLMs) through methods such as reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). However, the current user interfaces require annotators to compare text paragraphs, which is…

人机交互 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Danqing Shi , Furui Cheng , Tino Weinkauf , Antti Oulasvirta , Mennatallah El-Assady

The open-ended nature of visual captioning makes it a challenging area for evaluation. The majority of proposed models rely on specialized training to improve human-correlation, resulting in limited adoption, generalizability, and…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2022-01-11 Joshua Feinglass , Yezhou Yang

Contemporary image generation systems have achieved high fidelity and superior aesthetic quality beyond basic text-image alignment. However, existing evaluation frameworks have failed to evolve in parallel. This study reveals that human…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-07-28 Ying Ba , Tianyu Zhang , Yalong Bai , Wenyi Mo , Tao Liang , Bing Su , Ji-Rong Wen

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is a vital strategy for enhancing model capability in language models. However, annotating preference data for RLHF is a resource-intensive and creativity-demanding process, while existing…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-02 Taiwei Shi , Kai Chen , Jieyu Zhao

Video captioning is a challenging task since it requires generating sentences describing various diverse and complex videos. Existing video captioning models lack adequate visual representation due to the neglect of the existence of gaps…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-10-14 Mingkang Tang , Zhanyu Wang , Zhenhua Liu , Fengyun Rao , Dian Li , Xiu Li

We propose an approach for interactive learning for an image captioning model. As human feedback is expensive and modern neural network based approaches often require large amounts of supervised data to be trained, we envision a system that…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-03-01 Mareike Hartmann , Aliki Anagnostopoulou , Daniel Sonntag

Learning from human feedback has been shown to be effective at aligning language models with human preferences. Past work has often relied on Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), which optimizes the language model using reward…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2023-05-18 Yao Zhao , Rishabh Joshi , Tianqi Liu , Misha Khalman , Mohammad Saleh , Peter J. Liu

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) is widely used to train large language models (LLMs). However, it is unclear whether LLMs accurately learn the underlying preferences in human feedback data. We coin the term \textit{Learned…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-22 Luke Marks , Amir Abdullah , Clement Neo , Rauno Arike , David Krueger , Philip Torr , Fazl Barez

Fine-tuning image captioning models with hand-crafted rewards like the CIDEr metric has been a classical strategy for promoting caption quality at the sequence level. This approach, however, is known to limit descriptiveness and semantic…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-09-02 Nicholas Moratelli , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) remains indispensable for aligning large language models (LLMs) in subjective domains. To enhance robustness, recent work shifts toward Generative Reward Models (GenRMs) that generate…

Current captioning approaches tend to generate correct but "generic" descriptions that lack real-world knowledge, e.g., named entities and contextual information. Considering that Vision-Language Pre-Training (VLP) models master massive…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-08-03 Kanzhi Cheng , Wenpo Song , Zheng Ma , Wenhao Zhu , Zixuan Zhu , Jianbing Zhang

Uniform-reward reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF), which trains a single reward model to represent the preferences of all annotators, fails to capture the diversity of opinions across sub-populations, inadvertently favoring…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-09-05 Arpan Mukherjee , Marcello Bullo , Deniz Gündüz

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has contributed to performance improvements in large language models. To tackle its reliance on substantial amounts of human-labeled data, a successful approach is multi-task representation…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-03-06 Ruitao Chen , Liwei Wang

In recent years, advancements in representation learning and language models have propelled Automated Captioning (AC) to new heights, enabling the generation of human-level descriptions. Leveraging these advancements, we propose AVCap, an…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-07-12 Jongsuk Kim , Jiwon Shin , Junmo Kim

Recent multimodal large language models have shown promising ability in generating humorous captions for images, yet they still lack stable control over explicit cultural context, making it difficult to jointly maintain image relevance,…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2026-04-21 Run Xu , Lu Li , Rongzhao Zhang , Jie Xu