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Metaverse, as an evolving paradigm of the next-generation Internet, aims to build a fully immersive, hyper spatiotemporal, and self-sustaining virtual shared space for humans to play, work, and socialize. Driven by recent advances in…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-09-12 Yuntao Wang , Zhou Su , Ning Zhang , Rui Xing , Dongxiao Liu , Tom H. Luan , Xuemin Shen

The rapid expansion of the non-fungible token (NFT) market has catalyzed new opportunities for artists, collectors, and investors, yet it has also unveiled critical challenges related to the storage and distribution of associated metadata.…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-08-27 Hamza Salem , Manuel Mazzara

Blockchain technology enables stakeholders to conduct trusted data sharing and exchange without a trusted centralized institution. These features make blockchain applications attractive to enhance trustworthiness in very different contexts.…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2022-07-18 Xiaohui Zhang , Mingying Xue , Xianghua Miao

Proof of Work (PoW) has extensively served as the foundation of blockchain's security, consistency, and tamper-resistance. However, long has it been criticized for its tremendous and inefficient utilization of computational power and…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-03-04 Weihang Cao , Xintong Ling , Jiaheng Wang , Xiqi Gao , Zhi Ding

In a blockchain system, consensus protocol as an incentive and security mechanism, is to ensure the participants to build the block honestly and effectively. There are different consensus protocols for blockchain, like Proof of work (PoW),…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-03-25 Zhongli Dong , Young Choon Lee , Albert Y. Zomaya

Non-fungible tokens(NFTs) are on the rise. They can represent artworks exhibited for marketing purposes on webpages of companies or online stores -- analogously to physical artworks. Lending of NFTs is an attractive form of passive income…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2023-08-07 Alfred Sopi , Johannes Schneider , Jan vom Brocke

Ethereum 2.0, as the preeminent smart contract blockchain platform, guarantees the precise execution of applications without third-party intervention. At its core, this system leverages the Proof-of-Stake (PoS) consensus mechanism, which…

综合经济学 · 经济学 2025-08-11 Tao Yan , Shengnan Li , Benjamin Kraner , Luyao Zhang , Claudio J. Tessone

Blockchains rely on a consensus among participants to achieve decentralization and security. However, reaching consensus in an online, digital world where identities are not tied to physical users is a challenging problem. Proof-of-work…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-11-16 Hjalmar Turesson , Henry M. Kim , Marek Laskowski , Alexandra Roatis

Non-fungible tokens (NFTs) drive the prosperity of the Web3 ecosystem. By November 2023, the total market value of NFT projects reached approximately 16 billion USD. Accompanying the success of NFTs are various security issues, i.e.,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-12-14 Kai Ma , Jintao Huang , Ningyu He , Zhuo Wang , Haoyu Wang

The integration of Fog Computing with Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs) offers promising capabilities for decentralized, low-latency intelligence in UAV-based applications. However, the distributed nature, mobility, and resource constraints…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-04-22 Sufian Al majmaie , Ghazal Ghajari , Niraj Prasad Bhatta , Fathi Amsaad

The derivative of token standard of Ethereum blockchain, termed as Non Fungible Token is distinguishable token. These tokens are bound with digital properties that provide them unique identification which helps in fulfilling the aim of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 Priyanshu Lohar , Kiran Rathi

Physically Unclonable Function (PUF) offers a secure and lightweight alternative to traditional cryptography for authentication due to their unique device fingerprint. However, their dependence on specialized hardware hinders their adoption…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-05 S M Mostaq Hossain , Sheikh Ghafoor , Kumar Yelamarthi , Venkata Prasanth Yanambaka

As cryptographic tokens and altcoins are increasingly being built to serve as utility tokens, the notion of useful work consensus protocols, as opposed to number-crunching PoW consensus, is becoming ever more important. In such contexts,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2019-05-13 Michał Król , Alberto Sonnino , Mustafa Al-Bassam , Argyrios Tasiopoulos , Ioannis Psaras

Byzantine Fault Tolerant (BFT) consensus exhibits higher throughput in comparison to Proof of Work (PoW) in blockchains. But BFT-based protocols suffer from scalability problems with respect to the number of replicas in the network. The…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2019-04-30 Mohammad M. Jalalzai , Costas Busch , Golden Richard

Blockchains are decentralized and immutable databases that are shared among the nodes of the network. Although blockchains have attracted a great scale of attention in the recent years by disrupting the traditional financial systems, the…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2023-08-30 Goshgar Ismayilov , Can Ozturan

A new era in ICT has begun with the evolution of Next Generation Networks (NGNs) and the development of human-centric applications. Ultra-low latency, high throughput, and high availability are a few of the main characteristics of modern…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2022-11-02 Michael Xevgenis , Dimitrios Kogias , Ioannis Christidis , Charalampos Patrikakis , Helen C. Leligou

Blockchain technology is a breakthrough in changing the ways of business and organization operations, in which the consensus problem is challenging with practical constraints, such as computational power and consensus standard. In this…

计算工程、金融与科学 · 计算机科学 2023-09-19 Yuqi Xie , Changbing Tang , Feilong Lin , Guanrong Chen , Zhao Zhang , Zhonglong Zheng

With the rapid growth of hyperconnected devices and decentralized data architectures, safeguarding Internet of Things (IoT) transactions is becoming increasingly challenging. Blockchain presents a promising solution, yet its effectiveness…

分布式、并行与集群计算 · 计算机科学 2025-11-14 Sokratis Vavilis , Harris Niavis , Konstantinos Loupos

The Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) has the transformative impact on the visual arts industry by examining the nexus between empowering art practices and leveraging blockchain technology. First, we establish the context for this study by…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2024-09-23 Ruiqiang Li , Brian Yecies , Qin Wang , Shiping Chen , Jun Shen

The metaverse gradually evolves into a virtual world containing a series of interconnected sub-metaverses. Diverse digital resources, including identities, contents, services, and supporting data, are key components of the sub-metaverse.…

网络与互联网体系结构 · 计算机科学 2023-05-09 Han Wang , Hui Li , Abla Smahi , Feng Zhao , Yao Yao , Ching Chuen Chan , Shiyu Wang , Wenyuan Yang , Shuo-Yen Robert Li