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Attributing cyberattacks remains a central challenge in modern cybersecurity, particularly within denied environments where defenders have limited visibility into attacker infrastructure and are restricted by legal or operational rules of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-26 Abraham Itzhak Weinberg

Despite its technological benefits, Internet of Things (IoT) has cyber weaknesses due to the vulnerabilities in the wireless medium. Machine learning (ML)-based methods are widely used against cyber threats in IoT networks with promising…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-10-11 Zhiyan Chen , Jinxin Liu , Yu Shen , Murat Simsek , Burak Kantarci , Hussein T. Mouftah , Petar Djukic

The ability to accurately predict cyber-attacks would enable organizations to mitigate their growing threat and avert the financial losses and disruptions they cause. But how predictable are cyber-attacks? Researchers have attempted to…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-04-10 Nazgol Tavabi , Andrés Abeliuk , Negar Mokhberian , Jeremy Abramson , Kristina Lerman

A cyber-attack is a malicious attempt by experienced hackers to breach the target information system. Usually, the cyber-attacks are characterized as hybrid TTPs (Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures) and long-term adversarial behaviors,…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-12-17 Mingqi Lv , Chengyu Dong , Tieming Chen , Tiantian Zhu , Qijie Song , Yuan Fan

Effective attribution of Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) increasingly hinges on the ability to correlate behavioral patterns and reason over complex, varied threat intelligence artifacts. We present AURA (Attribution Using…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-06-13 Nanda Rani , Sandeep Kumar Shukla

Data attribution methods aim to answer useful counterfactual questions like "what would a ML model's prediction be if it were trained on a different dataset?" However, estimation of data attribution models through techniques like empirical…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-08-19 Ari Karchmer , Martin Pawelczyk , Seth Neel

Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents can now orchestrate cyberattacks. This development is already increasing the speed and scale of cyber attacks, decreasing attack costs, and improving the operational autonomy of cyber capabilities. To…

计算机与社会 · 计算机科学 2026-05-22 Matt Mittelsteadt , Jam Kraprayoon , Robin Staes-Polet , Oskar Galeev , Jan Wehner , Christopher Covino , Shaun Ee

Data attribution aims to quantify the contribution of individual training data points to the outputs of an AI model, which has been used to measure the value of training data and compensate data providers. Given the impact on financial…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-05-20 Xinhe Wang , Pingbang Hu , Junwei Deng , Jiaqi W. Ma

This paper provides the first large-scale data-driven analysis to evaluate the predictive power of different attributes for assessing risk of cyberattack data breaches. Furthermore, motivated by rapid increase in third party enabled…

风险管理 · 定量金融 2023-11-14 Kevin Hu , Retsef Levi , Raphael Yahalom , El Ghali Zerhouni

Data attribution has become an important component of pricing, auditing, and governance in machine learning pipelines, yet most attribution methods implicitly assume that attribution values faithfully reflect participants' contributions. We…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2026-05-18 Xian Gao , Bo Hui , Min-Te Sun , Wei-Shinn Ku

As a massive number of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are deployed, the security and privacy issues in IoT arouse more and more attention. The IoT attacks are causing tremendous loss to the IoT networks and even threatening human…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-06-30 Tianbo Gu , Allaukik Abhishek , Hao Fu , Huanle Zhang , Debraj Basu , Prasant Mohapatra

Threat modeling and risk assessments are common ways to identify, estimate, and prioritize risk to national, organizational, and individual operations and assets. Several threat modeling and risk assessment approaches have been proposed…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-10-18 Paul Griffioen , Bruno Sinopoli

In cybersecurity, attackers range from brash, unsophisticated script kiddies and cybercriminals to stealthy, patient advanced persistent threats. When modeling these attackers, we can observe that they demonstrate different risk-seeking and…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2021-09-27 Erick Galinkin , John Carter , Spiros Mancoridis

This paper presents a holistic approach to attacker preference modeling from system-level audit logs using inverse reinforcement learning (IRL). Adversary modeling is an important capability in cybersecurity that lets defenders characterize…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-05-08 Aditya Shinde , Prashant Doshi

Given the increased growing of Internet of Things networks and their presence in critical aspects of human activities, the security of devices connected to these networks becomes critical. Machine Learning approaches are becoming prominent…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2022-03-02 Jhon Alexánder Parra , Sergio Armando Gutiérrez , John Willian Branch

Intrusion detection has focused primarily on detecting cyberattacks at the event-level. Since there is such a large volume of network data and attacks are minimal, machine learning approaches have focused on improving accuracy and reducing…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2020-04-14 Steven McElwee , James Cannady

Online reinforcement learning (RL) excels in complex, safety-critical domains but suffers from sample inefficiency, training instability, and limited interpretability. Data attribution provides a principled way to trace model behavior back…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2025-10-07 Yuzheng Hu , Fan Wu , Haotian Ye , David Forsyth , James Zou , Nan Jiang , Jiaqi W. Ma , Han Zhao

The Internet of Things (IoT) presents a unique cybersecurity challenge due to its vast network of interconnected, resource-constrained devices. These vulnerabilities not only threaten data integrity but also the overall functionality of IoT…

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply embedded in critical services and everyday products, it is increasingly exposed to security threats which traditional cyber defenses were not designed to handle. In this paper, we investigate…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2026-03-06 Natalia Krawczyk , Mateusz Szczepkowski , Adrian Brodzik , Krzysztof Bocianiak

Advanced AI systems offer substantial benefits but also introduce risks. In 2025, AI-enabled cyber offense has emerged as a concrete example. This technical report applies a quantitative risk modeling methodology (described in full in a…