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Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (BD-RIS) is a new advance in RIS techniques that introduces reconfigurable inter-element connections to generate scattering matrices not limited to being diagonal. BD-RIS has been recently…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-08 Hongyu Li , Bruno Clerckx

Beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (BD-RISs) extend conventional diagonal RISs by allowing inter-element coupling, thereby enlarging the set of attainable scattering matrices and improving the achievable signal-to-noise…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-05-08 Konstantinos Ntougias , Ioannis Krikidis

This letter considers a beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) aided integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, where the BD-RIS can help a multi-antenna base station (BS) serve multiple user equipments (UEs)…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-08-18 Xiaoqi Zhang , Liang Liu , Shuowen Zhang , Weifeng Zhu , Haijun Zhang

This paper considers the application of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) (a.k.a. intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs)) to assist multiuser multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) uplink transmission from several multi-antenna user…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2021-09-14 Li You , Jiayuan Xiong , Yufei Huang , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Cunhua Pan , Wenjin Wang , Xiqi Gao

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are envisioned as a promising technology for future wireless communication systems due to their ability to control the propagation environment in a hardware- and energy-efficient way. Recently, the…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-12-23 Zheyu Wu , Bruno Clerckx

This work explores the integration of rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA), simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), and beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) to enhance the spectral-efficiency,…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-08-12 Muhammad Asif , Zain Ali , Asim Ihsan , Ali Ranjha , Zhu Shoujin , Manzoor Ahmed , Xingwang Li , Symeon Chatzinotas

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) technology has emerged as a promising enabler for next-generation wireless networks, offering a paradigm shift from passive environments to programmable radio wave propagation. Despite the potential…

新兴技术 · 计算机科学 2025-02-07 Wali Ullah Khan , Chandan Kumar Sheemar , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas

The reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) has attracted considerable attention of both academia and industry in recent years, given its capacity to dynamically manipulate the reflection of incident electromagnetic waves. Although the…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2026-04-09 Pedro H. C. de Souza , Luciano Mendes

This paper investigates the system spectral efficiency (SE) in reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) systems, where RIS can reconfigure the propagation environment via a large number of…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2020-01-31 Yulan Gao , Chao Yong , Zehui Xiong , Dusit Niyato , Yue Xiao , Jun Zhao

This paper introduces a novel approach to efficient localization in next-generation communication systems through a base station (BS)-enabled passive beamforming utilizing beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (BD-RISs).…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-11-21 Mahmoud Raeisi , Hui Chen , Henk Wymeersch , Ertugrul Basar

We present the first experimental prototype of a reflective beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS), i.e., a RIS with reconfigurable inter-element connections. Our BD-RIS consists of an antenna array whose ports are…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-05-20 Jean Tapie , Matteo Nerini , Bruno Clerckx , Philipp del Hougne

This work investigates the modeling and optimization of beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS), which generalizes conventional RIS with diagonal phase shift matrices and provides additional flexibility for manipulating…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-01-22 Hongyu Li , Matteo Nerini , Shanpu Shen , Bruno Clerckx

Written by its inventors, this first tutorial on Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (BD-RISs) provides the readers with the basics and fundamental tools necessary to appreciate, understand, and contribute to this emerging…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-12-23 Hongyu Li , Matteo Nerini , Shanpu Shen , Bruno Clerckx

Following the promising beamforming gains offered by reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), a new hardware architecture, known as \emph{beyond diagonal RIS (BD-RIS)}, has recently been proposed. This architecture enables controllable…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-04-02 Özlem Tuğfe Demir , Emil Björnson

Recently, the reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS), benefited from the breakthrough on the fabrication of programmable meta-material, has been speculated as one of the key enabling technologies for the future six generation (6G)…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2022-06-23 Chongwen Huang , Ronghong Mo , Chau Yuen

Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) is a new advance and generalization of the RIS technique. BD-RIS breaks through the isolation between RIS elements by creatively introducing inter-element connections, thereby…

信号处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-06-11 Hongyu Li , Shanpu Shen , Yumeng Zhang , Bruno Clerckx

We investigate the integration of beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (BDRISs) into cell free massive multiple input multiple output (CFmMIMO) systems to enhance simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT).…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-08-20 Duc Thien Hua , Mohammadali Mohammadi , Hien Quoc Ngo , Michail Matthaiou

A double self-sustainable reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) assisted multi-user multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system is investigated. Two RISs are equipped with energy harvesting circuit to achieve self-sustainable…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-05-08 Ji Wang , Suhong Luo , Yixuan Li , Wenwu Xie , Xingwang Li , Arumugam Nallanathan

This paper explores the idea of using redirective reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RedRIS) to overcome many of the challenges associated with the conventional reflective RIS. We develop a framework for jointly optimizing the switching…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2024-06-04 Bamelak Tadele , Faouzi Bellili , Amine Mezghani , Md Jawwad Chowdhury , Haseeb Ur Rehman

In this letter, we derive an expression for the achievable rate in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system assisted by a beyond-diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) when the channels to and from the BD-RIS are…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-04-11 Ignacio Santamaria , Jesus Gutierrez , Mohammad Soleymani , Eduard Jorswieck