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Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the brain has benefited from deep learning (DL) to alleviate the burden on radiologists and MR technologists, and improve throughput. The easy accessibility of DL tools have resulted in the rapid increase…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-01-04 Kunal Aggarwal , Marina Manso Jimeno , Keerthi Sravan Ravi , Gilberto Gonzalez , Sairam Geethanath

Artificial Intelligence has emerged as a useful aid in numerous clinical applications for diagnosis and treatment decisions. Deep neural networks have shown same or better performance than clinicians in many tasks owing to the rapid…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2021-11-05 Zohaib Salahuddin , Henry C Woodruff , Avishek Chatterjee , Philippe Lambin

There has recently been a surge of work in explanatory artificial intelligence (XAI). This research area tackles the important problem that complex machines and algorithms often cannot provide insights into their behavior and thought…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2019-02-05 Leilani H. Gilpin , David Bau , Ben Z. Yuan , Ayesha Bajwa , Michael Specter , Lalana Kagal

With the availability of large databases and recent improvements in deep learning methodology, the performance of AI systems is reaching or even exceeding the human level on an increasing number of complex tasks. Impressive examples of this…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2017-08-29 Wojciech Samek , Thomas Wiegand , Klaus-Robert Müller

Deep learning-based AI models have been extensively applied in genomics, achieving remarkable success across diverse applications. As these models gain prominence, there exists an urgent need for interpretability methods to establish…

基因组学 · 定量生物学 2025-05-16 Chenyu Wang , Chaoying Zuo , Zihan Su , Yuhang Xing , Lu Li , Maojun Wang , Zeyu Zhang

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into medicine is remarkable, offering advanced diagnostic and therapeutic possibilities. However, the inherent opacity of complex AI models presents significant challenges to their clinical…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-23 Binbin Wen , Yihang Wu , Tareef Daqqaq , Ahmad Chaddad

Nowadays, deep neural networks are widely used in mission critical systems such as healthcare, self-driving vehicles, and military which have direct impact on human lives. However, the black-box nature of deep neural networks challenges its…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-06-24 Arun Das , Paul Rad

The last decade of machine learning has seen drastic increases in scale and capabilities. Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly being deployed in the real world. However, they are difficult to analyze, raising concerns about using…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2023-08-22 Tilman Räuker , Anson Ho , Stephen Casper , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Deep learning methods have been very effective for a variety of medical diagnostic tasks and has even beaten human experts on some of those. However, the black-box nature of the algorithms has restricted clinical use. Recent explainability…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-05-29 Amitojdeep Singh , Sourya Sengupta , Vasudevan Lakshminarayanan

Last years have been characterized by an upsurge of opaque automatic decision support systems, such as Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). Although they have great generalization and prediction skills, their functioning does not allow obtaining…

A key issue in critical contexts such as medical diagnosis is the interpretability of the deep learning models adopted in decision-making systems. Research in eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) is trying to solve this issue. However,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-11-24 Carlo Metta , Andrea Beretta , Riccardo Guidotti , Yuan Yin , Patrick Gallinari , Salvatore Rinzivillo , Fosca Giannotti

Deep learning continues to revolutionize an ever-growing number of critical application areas including healthcare, transportation, finance, and basic sciences. Despite their increased predictive power, model transparency and human…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2020-04-28 Benjamin Shickel , Parisa Rashidi

Deep learning models are one of the security strategies, trained on extensive datasets, and play a critical role in detecting and responding to these threats by recognizing complex patterns in malicious code. However, the opaque nature of…

密码学与安全 · 计算机科学 2025-08-15 Richa Dasila , Vatsala Upadhyay , Samo Bobek , Abhishek Vaish

Recent years have seen important advances in the quality of state-of-the-art models, but this has come at the expense of models becoming less interpretable. This survey presents an overview of the current state of Explainable AI (XAI),…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-04-16 Marina Danilevsky , Kun Qian , Ranit Aharonov , Yannis Katsis , Ban Kawas , Prithviraj Sen

There is an increasing interest in the use of Deep Learning (DL) based methods as a supporting analytical framework in oncology. However, most direct applications of DL will deliver models with limited transparency and explainability, which…

定量方法 · 定量生物学 2023-01-26 Magdalena Wysocka , Oskar Wysocki , Marie Zufferey , Dónal Landers , André Freitas

Deep neural networks have been well-known for their superb handling of various machine learning and artificial intelligence tasks. However, due to their over-parameterized black-box nature, it is often difficult to understand the prediction…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2022-07-18 Xuhong Li , Haoyi Xiong , Xingjian Li , Xuanyu Wu , Xiao Zhang , Ji Liu , Jiang Bian , Dejing Dou

Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) addresses the growing need for transparency and interpretability in AI systems, enabling trust and accountability in decision-making processes. This book offers a comprehensive guide to XAI,…

Artificial Intelligence in Medicine has made significant progress with emerging applications in medical imaging, patient care, and other areas. While these applications have proven successful in retrospective studies, very few of them were…

人工智能 · 计算机科学 2023-08-11 Nicoletta Prentzas , Antonis Kakas , Constantinos S. Pattichis

With an increase in deep learning-based methods, the call for explainability of such methods grows, especially in high-stakes decision making areas such as medical image analysis. This survey presents an overview of eXplainable Artificial…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2022-05-06 Bas H. M. van der Velden , Hugo J. Kuijf , Kenneth G. A. Gilhuijs , Max A. Viergever

Language Models (LMs) have significantly advanced natural language processing and enabled remarkable progress across diverse domains, yet their black-box nature raises critical concerns about the interpretability of their internal…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2025-09-29 Avash Palikhe , Zichong Wang , Zhipeng Yin , Rui Guo , Qiang Duan , Jie Yang , Wenbin Zhang