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Convolutional neural networks have been shown to develop internal representations, which correspond closely to semantically meaningful objects and parts, although trained solely on class labels. Class Activation Mapping (CAM) is a recent…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2016-05-26 Amir Rosenfeld , Shimon Ullman

Deep Learning has revolutionized machine learning, reaching unprecedented levels of accuracy, but at the cost of reduced interpretability. Especially in image processing systems, deep networks transform local pixel information into more…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2026-05-13 Xinyi Zhang , Manuel Günther

As the request for deep learning solutions increases, the need for explainability is even more fundamental. In this setting, particular attention has been given to visualization techniques, that try to attribute the right relevance to each…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-04-22 Samuele Poppi , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve prevailing results in segmentation tasks nowadays and represent the state-of-the-art for image-based analysis. However, the understanding of the accurate decision-making process of a CNN is…

图像与视频处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2024-10-01 Tillmann Rheude , Andreas Wirtz , Arjan Kuijper , Stefan Wesarg

The need for Explainable AI is increasing with the development of deep learning. The saliency maps derived from convolutional neural networks generally fail in localizing with accuracy the image features justifying the network prediction.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-05-09 Alexandre Englebert , Olivier Cornu , Christophe De Vleeschouwer

Interpreting complex deep networks, notably pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), is a formidable challenge. Current Class Activation Map (CAM) methods highlight regions revealing the model's decision-making basis but lack clear…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Yuguang Yang , Runtang Guo , Sheng Wu , Yimi Wang , Linlin Yang , Bo Fan , Jilong Zhong , Juan Zhang , Baochang Zhang

Convolutional neural networks have become state-of-the-art in a wide range of image recognition tasks. The interpretation of their predictions, however, is an active area of research. Whereas various interpretation methods have been…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2022-11-22 Kira Vinogradova , Alexandr Dibrov , Gene Myers

Deep Neural Networks have often been called the black box because of the complex, deep architecture and non-transparency presented by the inner layers. There is a lack of trust to use Artificial Intelligence in critical and high-precision…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-03-12 Frincy Clement , Ji Yang , Irene Cheng

Although saliency maps can highlight important regions to explain the reasoning behind image classification in artificial intelligence (AI), the meaning of these regions is left to the user's interpretation. In contrast, conceptbased…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-09-30 Michihiro Kuroki , Toshihiko Yamasaki

Image segmentation is the problem of partitioning an image into different subsets, where each subset may have a different characterization in terms of color, intensity, texture, and/or other features. Segmentation is a fundamental component…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2015-11-03 M. Abdelsamea

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success across domains but remain difficult to interpret, limiting their trustworthiness in high-stakes applications. This paper focuses on deep vision models, for which a dominant line…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-10-02 Qiming Zhao , Xingjian Li , Xiaoyu Cao , Xiaolong Wu , Min Xu

The class activation mapping, or CAM, has been the cornerstone of feature attribution methods for multiple vision tasks. Its simplicity and effectiveness have led to wide applications in the explanation of visual predictions and…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2021-08-13 Jae Myung Kim , Junsuk Choe , Zeynep Akata , Seong Joon Oh

Image segmentation is a key topic in image processing and computer vision with applications such as scene understanding, medical image analysis, robotic perception, video surveillance, augmented reality, and image compression, among many…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2020-11-17 Shervin Minaee , Yuri Boykov , Fatih Porikli , Antonio Plaza , Nasser Kehtarnavaz , Demetri Terzopoulos

Nowadays, deep neural networks for object detection in images are very prevalent. However, due to the complexity of these networks, users find it hard to understand why these objects are detected by models. We proposed Gaussian Class…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-06-07 Quoc Khanh Nguyen , Truong Thanh Hung Nguyen , Vo Thanh Khang Nguyen , Van Binh Truong , Quoc Hung Cao

Interpretation of deep learning remains a very challenging problem. Although the Class Activation Map (CAM) is widely used to interpret deep model predictions by highlighting object location, it fails to provide insight into the salient…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2024-05-30 Yuguang Yang , Runtang Guo , Sheng Wu , Yimi Wang , Juan Zhang , Xuan Gong , Baochang Zhang

Recent advancements in skin lesion classification models have significantly improved accuracy, with some models even surpassing dermatologists' diagnostic performance. However, in medical practice, distrust in AI models remains a challenge.…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-08-29 Kuniko Paxton , Koorosh Aslansefat , Amila Akagić , Dhavalkumar Thakker , Yiannis Papadopoulos

Class activation map (CAM) has been widely used to highlight image regions that contribute to class predictions. Despite its simplicity and computational efficiency, CAM often struggles to identify discriminative regions that distinguish…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-04-01 Ziheng Zhang , Jianyang Gu , Arpita Chowdhury , Zheda Mai , David Carlyn , Tanya Berger-Wolf , Yu Su , Wei-Lun Chao

Class Activation Mapping (CAM) is a powerful technique used to understand the decision making of Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) in computer vision. Recently, there have been attempts not only to generate better visual explanations, but…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2021-05-04 Kwang Hee Lee , Chaewon Park , Junghyun Oh , Nojun Kwak

Visual explanation maps enhance the trustworthiness of decisions made by deep learning models and offer valuable guidance for developing new algorithms in image recognition tasks. Class activation maps (CAM) and their variants (e.g.,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2025-12-30 Yi Liao , Ugochukwu Ejike Akpudo , Jue Zhang , Yongsheng Gao , Jun Zhou , Wenyi Zeng , Weichuan Zhang

Decisions made by convolutional neural networks(CNN) can be understood and explained by visualizing discriminative regions on images. To this end, Class Activation Map (CAM) based methods were proposed as powerful interpretation tools,…

计算机视觉与模式识别 · 计算机科学 2023-07-12 Yi Liao , Yongsheng Gao , Weichuan Zhang
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