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Computation of a grid of self consistent 1D model atmospheres of cool stars, sub-stellar objects and exoplanets in the effective temperature range 300K to 3000K, including cloud formation, chemical non-equilibrium effects, and stellar…

Atmospheres of transiting exoplanets can be studied spectroscopically using space-based or ground-based observations. Each has its own strengths and weaknesses, so there are benefits to both approaches. This is especially true for…

The discovery of a planet orbiting around Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun, opens new avenues for the remote observations of the atmosphere and surface of an exoplanet, Proxima b. To date, three-dimensional (3D) General…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2021-03-24 Daniele Galuzzo , Chiara Cagnazzo , Francesco Berrilli , Federico Fierli , Luca Giovannelli

Clouds are the largest source of uncertainty in climate simulations. For exoplanets, cloud simulation is particularly challenging because of the lack of observational data to tune parameterized cloud models. Here we apply Community Aerosol…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2026-03-05 Huanzhou Yang , Eric T. Wolf , Cheng-Cheng Liu , Yunqian Zhu , Owen B. Toon , Dorian S. Abbot

The recent detections of temperate terrestrial planets orbiting nearby stars and the promise of characterizing their atmospheres motivates a need to understand how the diversity of possible planetary parameters affects the climate of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-02-13 Thaddeus D. Komacek , Dorian S. Abbot

Exploring diverse planetary atmospheres requires modeling tools that are both accurate and flexible. Here, we develop a three-dimensional general circulation model (3D GCM) that for the first time uses a line-by-line approach to describe…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2019-06-27 Feng Ding , Robin D. Wordsworth

Light-matter interactions lie at the heart of our exploration of exoplanetary atmospheres. Interpreting data obtained by remote sensing is enabled by meticulous, time- and resource-consuming work aiming at deepening our understanding of…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-06 Laurent Wiesenfeld , Prajwal Niraula , Julien de Wit , Nejmeddine Jaïdane , Iouli E. Gordon , Robert J. Hargreaves

Giant planets grow and acquire their gas envelope during the disk phase. At the time of the discovery of giant planets in their host disk, it is important to understand the interplay between the host disk and the envelope and…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-08-23 E. Lega , M. Benisty , A. Cridland , A. Morbidelli , M. Schulik , M. Lambrechts

Energy balance models (EBMs), alongside radiative-convective climate models (RCMs) and global climate models (GCMs), are useful tools for simulating planetary climates. Historically, planetary and exoplanetary EBMs have solely been 1D…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2023-10-25 Ramses M. Ramirez

We present a JWST NIRISS/SOSS transmission spectrum of the super-Earth GJ 357 b: the first atmospheric observation of this exoplanet. Despite missing the first $\sim$40 % of the transit due to using an out-of-date ephemeris, we still…

Electric discharges were detected directly in the cloudy atmospheres of Earth, Jupiter and Saturn, are debatable for Venus, and indirectly inferred for Neptune and Uranus in our solar system. Sprites (and other types of transient luminous…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-12 Ch. Helling , M. Jardine , C. Stark , D. Diver

Observations of the highly-eccentric (e~0.9) hot-Jupiter HD 80606b with Spitzer have provided some of best probes of the physics at work in exoplanet atmospheres. By observing HD 80606b during its periapse passage, atmospheric radiative,…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2017-06-05 N. K. Lewis , V. Parmentier , T. Kataria , J. de Wit , A. P. Showman , J. J. Fortney , M. S. Marley

We compare five general circulation models (GCMs) which have been recently used to study hot extrasolar planet atmospheres (BOB, CAM, IGCM, MITgcm, and PEQMOD), under three test cases useful for assessing model convergence and accuracy.…

We report on the critical influence of small-scale flow structures (e.g., fronts, vortices, and waves) that immediately arise in hot-exoplanet atmosphere simulations initialized with a resting state. A hot, 1:1 spin-orbit synchronized…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-12-05 J. W. Skinner , J. Y-K. Cho

Atmospheric observations of mini-Neptunes orbiting M-dwarfs are beginning to provide constraints on their chemical and thermal properties, while also providing clues about their interiors and potential surfaces. With their relatively large…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2020-12-09 Anjali A. A. Piette , Nikku Madhusudhan

Atmospheres regulate the planetary heat loss and therefore influence planetary thermal evolution. Uncertainty in a giant planet's thermal state contributes to the uncertainty in the inferred abundance of heavy elements it contains. Within…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-04-10 Anna Julia Poser , Nadine Nettelmann , Ronald Redmer

There is growing observational and theoretical evidence suggesting that atmospheric escape is a key driver of planetary evolution. Commonly, planetary evolution models employ simple analytic formulae (e.g., energy limited escape) that are…

Super-thermal gas giant planets or their progenitor cores are known to open deep gaps in protoplanetary disks, which stop large, drifting dust particles on their way to the inner disk. The possible separation of the disk into distinct…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2025-10-10 Thomas Pfeil , Philip J. Armitage , Yan-Fei Jiang

I review the major open science questions in exoplanet atmospheres. These are mainly focused in the areas of understanding atmospheric physics, the atmosphere as a window into other realms of planetary physics, and the atmosphere is a…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-09 Jonathan J. Fortney

With the advent of JWST and spectroscopic characterization of exoplanet atmospheres with unprecedented detail, there is a demand for a more complete picture of chemical and photochemical reactions and their impact on atmospheric…

地球与行星天体物理 · 物理学 2024-05-10 Jeehyun Yang , Renyu Hu